Conflict Management Flashcards
What does POPS stand for?
Public order public safety
What is the human rights act 1998?
To protect the right and freedoms of every citizen and ensure the courts and tribunals, government ministers and all other public authorities act in a way that upholds these rights and freedoms.
What is section 3 of the criminal law act?
A person may use such force as is reasonable in the circumstances to;
1 prevent a crime
2 assist in the lawful arrest of offenders, suspect offenders or people unlawfully at large
What is common law?
It recognises that there are many circumstances in which a person may use force if necessary without committing a crime. This includes to;
1 protect themselves from attack
2 act in defence of others to prevent crime
What is section 117 of PACE 1984?
The responsibility for the use of force rests with the individual officer who is answerable to both criminal and civil courts. The court expects you to be able to justify your decision to use force and the level of force used. This can only be used once someone is detained under PACE.
What is section 76 of the criminal justice and immigration act 2008?
This sets out what degree of force is reasonable under the defence of self defence or the defences set out in section 3(1) of the criminal law act (use of force in the prevention of crime or making an arrest).
What is section 136 of the mental health act 1983?
This allows officers the power to remove and mentally disordered person without a warrant and take them to a place of safety (eg hospital).
This is only exercised in a public place. You are not allowed to exercise this at a dwelling/flat/room/any yard/garden/garage/outhouse that is used in connection with the dwelling.
What might a person display prior to being aggressive?
1 anxiety
2 loss of verbal control
3 loss of physical control
What are some signs of anxiety?
1 sweating and pacing about
2 consistently arguing and swearing
3 being belligerent towards others
4 making unwarranted sexual remarks
5 arguing increasingly with others
6 refusing to follow instructions
7 seeing oneself as victimised
What are signs of loss of verbal control?
1 Unintelligible and disjointed communication
2 vulgar and incoherent speech
3 teeth barring
What are examples of loss of
Physical contact?
1 Direct, prolonged eye contact
2 rolling back and forth
3 expanded veins in the arms and face
4 a change in facial colour
5 the head being tilted back
6 standing tall to maximise height
7 kicking the ground
8 exaggerated movements, especially with the hands
9 clenched fists
What different ways do we communicate and how much of each one do we use to communicate ?
1 7% of the message is through spoke words
2 38% of the message is through the tone of voice (volume, intonation, pitch and speed of the words)
3 54% of the message i through body language (movement, gestures and facial expressions).
What are the 3P principles?
1 PRIOR : anything that an officer may be involved with prior to an encounter, for example, briefings
2 PRESENT : anything that an officer may be involved with during an encounter. This may be subconscious depending on the situation and the officer
3 POST : post event examples include debriefing, statement writing, use of force reporting , etc. the officer would need to review and reflect on what happened in the previous areas.
What is COUCHFACED?
Confidentiality
Orders and instructions
Use of force
Conduct
Honesty and integrity
Fitness for work
Authority, respect and courtesy
Challenging and reporting improper behaviour
Equality and diversity
Duties and responsibilities
What does POP stand for?
Person
Object
Place
What are the main powers that allow you to use force?
1 Common law
2 section 3 of the criminal law act
3 section 117 of the PACE act
What is section 38(8) of the police reform act 2002?
Where any power exercisable by any person in reliance on his designation under this section is a power which, in the case of its exercise by a constable, includes or is supplemented by a power to use reasonable force, any person exercising that power in reliance on that designation shall have the same entitlement as a constable to use reasonable force.
What is the police conduct regulations 2008?
Police officers only use force to the extent that it is necessary, proportionate and reasonable in all the circumstances.
What does POOS stand for?
1 place
2 officer
3 object
4 subject
What does CARES stand for?
Contain the situation
Approach in view where practicable
Reduce distractions
Explain what you are doing
Slow down your actions, give them space and seek help from a relative or carer
What is ABD?
Acute behaviour disturbance
What is culture clash?
where diverse ways of living clash
What are some examples of subject behaviours?
Anger
Body language - be aware of different body languages in different circs, the quiet people and minimal body language
Intimidation
Not the norm - is this the persons usual behaviour, MH, ABD
Compliant
Resistent
Tone of voice
Verbals
non verbal communications - once cuffed to be sat down to prevent further violence from the offender
Non compliant
Fear - can be vocal and be a distraction for someone who is more quiet
what are some examples of Impact factors?
Knowledge - pervious experience and information
Skills
Size - height, how many people
Experience
Strength
Martial arts
Physical state - exhaustion, mobility, disability
Weapons - armed
Location
Weather conditions
Time of day
Mental capacity
Various crime
Age
What tactical options are there?
Taser
Batton
Pava spray
Handcuffs
Members of public/witness’
Firearms
Surroundings
Tactical retreat
Do nothing
Communications
What tactical options are there?
Taser
Batton
Pava spray
Handcuffs and restraints
Members of public/witness’
Firearms
Surroundings
Tactical retreat
Do nothing
Communications
Powers
Dogs
NPAS
Other agencies
Tactical vehicle stop
Negotiator
Can you only use Common law after being the suspect strikes first?
No, you would use a preemptive strike and note the subjects behaviour, you have the right to prevent an attack on yourself and the public.
What are the 4 main points of common law?
1 Defend yourself form an attack
2 Prevent an attack on another person
3 Defend your property
4 Breach of the peace
What is PLANE?
1 Proportionate
2 Legal
3 Accountable
4 Necessary
5 Ethical
What section of force can you use for a section 136?
Section 117 under PACE, section 136 carries the power of arrest so 117 would be applicable
What are the conflict management theories?
1 Bitaris box
2 The drama triangle
3 emotional v rational brain
What is Bitaris box ?
Betari’s box describes how people can get locked into a vicious or virtuous circle of communication, based on how their attitudes and behaviour respond to each other
What is the drama triangle
The drama triangle is used in psychology to describe the insidious way in which we present ourselves as “victims,” “persecutors” and “rescuers.” Although all three are ‘roles’ and none may be true to who we really are, we can all get caught in a cycle that is hard to escape.
What is emotional v rational brain ?
Your rational brain represents your ability to reason through various options whilst your emotional brain represents your instincts, impulses, and intuition.
What is the 5 step appeal?
1 Simple appeal (ASK)
2 Reasoned appeal (tell them WHY)
3 Personal appeal (options)
4 Final appeal (confirm)
5 Action (act)
What is the 5 step appeal?
1 Simple appeal (ASK)
2 Reasoned appeal (tell them WHY)
3 Personal appeal (options)
4 Final appeal (confirm)
5 Action (act)
