conditioning Flashcards
Reinforcer
Increases the likelihood that a specific behaviour or response will occur
Punisher
Decreases the likelihood that a specific behaviour or response will occur
Positive Reinforcement
A behaviour is encouraged by adding something
e.g. giving a chocolate to someone for doing their homework
Negative Reinforcement
A behaviour is encouraged by taking something away
e.g. taking away a students phone to focus on school work
Positive Punishment
A behaviour is discouraged by adding something
e.g. when a kid disobeys their parent, they may get a smack
Negative Punishment
A behaviour is discouraged by taking something away
e.g. to get brianna to stop reading books, i can take her book away
Classical vs. Operant Conditioning
Classical conditioning involves associating stimuli to trigger a response, while operant conditioning focuses on behaviour consequences to shape actions.
Conditioning
A learning process that involves associating stimuli or behaviours with outcomes.
Classical Conditioning
A type of learning where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus to trigger a response.
e.g. associate a bell (neutral stimulus) with food (meaningful stimulus), causing them to salivate (response) at the sound of the bell alone.
Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)
Classical Conditioning
A stimulus that naturally triggers a response without prior learning.
e.g. food naturally causes salivation
Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
Classical Conditioning
A neutral stimulus that, after being associated with an unconditioned stimulus, triggers a response.
e.g. the bell became a conditioned stimulus because it caused salivation after being paired with food.
Conditioned Response
The learned response triggered by the conditioned stimulus.
Operant Conditioning
Behaviours are strengthened or weakened by reinforcers and punishers.
