Concepts of Man Flashcards
On a Personal level, health is defined according to:
A. how the person feels
B. whether there is absence or presence of symptoms of illness
C. ability of the individual to carry out activities
It moves on a continuum
change may be gradual or abrupt
level of health attainable depends on adaptive energy, genetic, and environmental factors
Health
may be internal (eg. self pressure) or external(eg. peer pressure/environment)
Variety of stresses affect physical, emotional and social health
may be detrimental or beneficial to life (eg. if you are pressured on the quiz, everything will be absorbed)
Variety of stresses affect physical, emotional and social health
It is an abnormal process in which the person’s level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level.
Illness
Factors that Influence Illness
a. Self-perception
b. Others’ perceptions
c. Effects of changes in body structure & d. function
e. Effects of changes on roles &
relationships
f. Cultural & spiritual values & beliefs
Types of Illness
Acute and Chronic Illness
typically characterized by rapid onset of symptoms of relatively short duration.
symptoms may appear abruptly and subside quickly.
It may or may not require intervention depending on the cause
eg. allergic reaction,uti
Acute Illness
one that lasts for an extended period, usually 6 months or longer, and often for the person’s life
may have a slow onset
often have periods of remission (symptoms disappear) or exacerbation (the symptoms reappear)
eg. hypertension, diabetes
Chronic Illness
what are the Person’s individual characteristics and behaviors
Genetics
Personal behaviour and coping skills
Gender
STAGES OF HEALTH-SEEKING BEHAVIOR by Igun
Stage 1 : Symptom Experiences (eg. fever)
Stage 2 : Self-treatment or Self-medication (eg. intake of paracetamol)
Stage 3: Communication to Others (eg. calling family or friends)
Stage 4: Assessment of Symptoms (eg. recognizing other symptoms)
Stage 5: Sick-role Assumption (eg.accepting that you are sick)
Stage 6: Concern (eg. questioning if the fever is still ordinary)
Stage 7: Efficacy of treatment (eg. questioning if the paracetamol works)
Stage 8: Selection of treatment (eg.deciding if you should pursue self treatment)
Stage 9: Treatment (eg.the doctor giving meds)
Stage 10: Assessment of Effectiveness of Treatment (eg. assessing if the doctor’s meds are working)
Stage 11: Recovery and Rehabilitation (eg. going back to optimal level)
the organization of people, institutions, and resources that deliver health care services to meet the health needs target populations.
health Care System
described as the organized response of a society to the health problems of its population (Van der Zee et al., 2004).
Health care delivery system (HDS)
Factors Influencing the Delivery of Health Care
Cost
Access
Safety and Quality
Factors Affecting Health & Illness (WHO)
Social and Economic Environment
Physical Environment
Factors Affecting Health & Illness in a Social and Economic Environment
Income and social status
Education
Social support networks
Culture
Health Services
higher income and social status are linked to better health.
Income and social status
low education levels are linked with poor health, more stress and lower self-confidence.
Education
greater support from families, friends and communities is linked to better health.
Social Support Networks
customs and traditions, and the beliefs of the family and community all affect health.
Culture
access and use of services that prevent and treat disease influences health.
health Services
a group of positions that are similar in nature & level of skill that can be carried out by one or more individuals.
Job
a group of jobs that are similar in type of work and that are usually found throughout an industry or work environment.
Occupation
a type of occupation that meets certain criteria that raise it to a level above that of an occupation
Profession
