concepts of acids and bases

Question 1

acid

Answer 1

a substance with a pH less than 7

produces hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solution

also called a proton or hydrogen ion donor

has a sour taste

Question 2

base

Answer 2

a substance with a pH greater than 7.

produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in aqueous solution.

also called proton acceptor

taste bitter and feel slippery

Question 3

pH

Answer 3

a scale based on the amount or concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution, calculated as pH= -log[H+] and used to express acidity or basicity.

Question 4

at a pH of 7, the concentrations of H+ and OH+ are

Answer 4

equal to each other

Question 5

solutions with a pH less than 7 are

Answer 5

acidic and have a greater concentration of H+ than OH-

Question 6

human blood has a pH close to neutral at

Answer 6

7.4

Question 7

how is the pH of blood maintained

Answer 7

it is maintained through a buffer system of carbonic acid and bicarbonate.

Question 8

buffers

Answer 8

help to resist the change in pH by neutralizing the added acid or base.

a solution of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid.

Question 9

neutralization reaction

Answer 9

a chemical reaction in which mixing an acid with a base causes the H+ from the acid to combine with the OH- from the base, forming water.

Question 10

acid-base reactions typically form

Answer 10

water and some type of ionic compound

Question 11

when equal moles of acid and base are used, the system becomes

Answer 11

neutral with a pH of 7