concepts 9-11 pt 2

Question 1

what the recent history of the rate of extinction of many species is caused by

Answer 1

Human activity

Question 2

the relationship between a society’s population and wealth to waste (garbage) produced

Answer 2

the greater a society’s population and material wealth, the greater the amount and variety of its garbage

Question 3

examples of causes of short-term, natural climate change

Answer 3

-great volcanic eruptions can alter climates for several years
-alterations in patterns of oceanic circulation
-sunspot activity

Question 4

greenhouse effect

Answer 4

human actions, like burning fossil fuels, generate greenhouse gas emissions that act like a blanket wrapped around the Earth

Question 5

global warming

Answer 5

excess presence greenhouse gases in the atmosphere gradually increases the Earth’s average surface temperature, with significant impacts on the Earth’s ecosystems

Question 6

the global warming projection under current national climate plans for the end of the century

Answer 6

with current national climate plans, global warming is projected to reach 2.7°C by the end of the century

Question 7

the global warming projection with the current path of carbon dioxide emissions for the end of the century

Answer 7

on the current path of carbon dioxide emissions, however, the global temperature could increase by as much as 4.4°C by the end of the century

Question 8

how higher temperatures affect food and agriculture

Answer 8

higher temperatures affect
resources to produce food
crop yields
food quality and increased waste

Question 9

which populations are more vulnerable to climate change

Answer 9

drylands and areas undergoing desertification are more vulnerable to climate change
People living in poverty
Small islands

Question 10

the three broad categories of actions involving solutions to climate change

Answer 10

-adapting to climate impacts
-cutting emissions
-financing required adjustments