Concept of Need

Question 1

What are some definitions of need?

Answer 1

• Requiring something because it is important or essential
• In predictive use, neccessary, needful
• A thing that is wanted or required
• A time of difficulty or trouble
• Lack or want of some neccessary thing
• A state of poverty, distress or misfortune

Question 2

What are the 2 understandings of what constitutes need?

Answer 2

1-Subjective- relative concept judged by an expert or professional influenced by whether the need can be met
2-Objective and universal concept which is a fundamental right

Question 3

What are the 4 parts of bradshaws taxonomy of need

Answer 3

1-Normative
2-Felt
3-Comparative
4-Expressed

Question 4

Bradshaw’s taxonomy of need- what it is and limitations

Answer 4

• Has been used to form the basis for discussion of need in reference to healthcare needs
• Does not include any analysis of clinical or cost-effectiveness

Question 5

What is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?

Answer 5

• Physiology
• Saftey
• Love, belonging
• Esteem
• Self-Actualisation
• An individual will only be motivated to reach the higher needs when the lower needs have been met
• Needs also tend to be identified in terms of our ability to meet the need

Question 6

What are the three overlapping circles in maslows hierarchy of needs?

Answer 6

• Need
• Demand
• Supply

Question 7

what factors is demand influenced by? (maslows hierarchy of need)

Answer 7

• Illness behaviour
• Knowledge of services
• Influence from media

Question 8

How is service utilisation measured ?

Answer 8

• Service-based activity, such as GP referral notes

- Population based activity such as prescriptions, immunisation coverage

Question 9

Variations in utilisation may be due to what factors?

Answer 9

• Statistical factors (incomplete data)
• Demand factors (age/sex composition)
• Supply factors (availability of services)

Question 10

What questions does maslows hierarchy of needs raise for practice?

Answer 10

• Whose perception of need is most important?- mother or professional, important to distinguish between need and want, need is normally identified on criteria
• Within healthcare- whose needs are they and who sets the criteria?
• Are needs invalid because they have been identified by client?

Question 11

What is identification of need based on midwifery model of care?

Answer 11

• social model of care
• Women at centre of care
• Partnership
• Empowerment

Question 12

What is identification of need based on medical model of care?

Answer 12

• Patriarchal model of care
• professional as expert
• authoritarian
• dominant- subordinate relationship

Question 13

What is the concept of need?

Answer 13

• The conceot of need by definition is dynamic and will change/evolve over time
• By nature the concept of need is multifaceted
• Working in partnership with women necessitates some common understanding of the concept
• Recognition of ownership of an individuals felt and expressed ‘needs’

Question 14

Who makes a health needs assessment

Answer 14

• primary care teams
• patients
• government
• press
• regional executives
• voluntary sector
• health authorities
• hospital staff

Question 15

What are the 5 steps of health needs assessment

Answer 15

1- what population, what needs achieved, who is involved
2- population profiling, gathering data, perceptions of needs
3-choosing health conditions and determinant factors with the most significant impact
4-Clarifying aims of intervention, action planning
5- Learning from the project, measuring impact, choosing next priority

Question 16

Important parts of assessing an individuals health needs

Answer 16

• Holistic approach
• Clinical assessment
• Effective communication
• Trusting partnership
• Realistic expectations
• Continuity of care