Behaviour Change Theory

Question 1

What is health belief and behaviour

Answer 1

• Important in predicting morbidity and mortality
• The role of health beliefs are considered predictors of behaviour
• Health locus of control, controllable by individual -internal Locus of control, not controllable- external LoC, under the control of powerful others i.e. health professionals- external LoC

Question 2

What is unrealistic optimism, inaccurate perception of risk

Answer 2

• Lack of experience with the problem
• Believe problem is preventable by individual action
• Believe problem has not happened so wont in the future
• Believe problem is infrequent

Question 3

What is the stages of change model?

Answer 3

• A synthesis of 18 therapies describing the processes involved in behaviour change
• A model of change which has been applied to several health related behaviours including smoking, alcohol use; most commonly utilised with addictive type behaviour
• Suggests behaviour change as dynamic and highlights movements between the stages including backwards before reaching the maintenacne stage (also allows for relapse)
• Examines how individuals weigh up ‘pros and cons’ of behaviour change
• Motivation of pregnancy may be an additional factor when weighing up pros and cons of altering behaviour

Question 4

What is the process of stages of change model

Answer 4

Pre-contemplation
contemplation
preparation
action
maintenance 
(relapse)
back to start

Question 5

What are social cognition models?

Answer 5

• Aim to develop theories to explain the relationship between knowledge, attitudes and behaviour
• It is believed that there is a close relationship between these elements and a persons intentions to act ina certain way
• 2 models include : Health Belief Model and The theory of planned behavioru

Question 6

What is the Health Belief model?

Answer 6

• 4 main constructs each of which individually or in combination can be used to explain health behaviour
• Individuals perceptions towards the 4 variables can predict their behaviour

Question 7

Diagram of Health Belief Model

Answer 7

see book

Question 8

What are the limitations of HBM?

Answer 8

• Does not account for persons attitudes, beliefs or other determinants that influence behaviour choices
• Behaviour may be related to non health related reasons- social aceptability
• Environmental and economic reasons that may inhibit the recommended action

Question 9

What is the Theory of Planned behaviour?

Answer 9

-Behaviour is dependent on two variables:
1-attitudes
2-subjective norms
-combine to form an intention
-places importance on social norms as a major influencce on behaviour

Question 10

theory of planned behaviour diagram

Answer 10

see book

Question 11

What is COM-B in relation to TPB?

Answer 11

CAPACITY- ability to do the task, skills and knowledge required
OPPORTUNITY- resources available to support the change in behaviour, physical, social.
MOTIVATION- willingness to engage, belief about the behaviour change and perception of value, prioritise that issue
BEHAVIOUR

Question 12

What is Motivational Interviewing?

Answer 12

MI uses a guiding style to engage clients, clarify their strengths and aspirations, evoke their own motivations for change and promote autonomy in decision making

R- resist the urge to change the individuals course of action through didactic means

U- understand its the individuals reasons for change, not those of the practitioner, that will elicit a behaviour

L- listeing is important, the solutions lie within the individual, not the practitioner

E- empower the individual to understadn that they have the ability to change

Question 13

What are the 6 prerequisites to behaviour change?

Answer 13

1- The change must be self initiated
2- Behaviour must become salient
3- The salience of the behaviour must appear over time
4- The behaviour is not part of the individuals coping strategies
5- Teh individuals life should not be problematic or uncertain
6- Social support is available