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Peds Shelf Wrongs > COMQUEST Wrongs 1 > Flashcards

COMQUEST Wrongs 1 Flashcards

1
Q

how long should you wait for an undescended testicle to descend before referring to surgery?

A

4 months

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2
Q

when do testis stop descending (babies)?

A

9 months

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3
Q

what are the physical exam findings for a varicocele

A

scrotal “fullness”, non-tender mass described as a “bag of worms” over upper portion of the testes

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4
Q

when does chlamydia conjunctivitis and pneumonia present in an infant after birth?

A

conjunctivitis: 10 days after birth pneumonia: 3-6 weeks of age

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5
Q

when does group b strep infection present in an infant after birth?

A

within 48 hours-1 week of birth

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6
Q

When does herpes infection present in an infant after birth?

A

mom with primary infection: sepsis and pna within 1st week mom with secondary/ recurrent infection: localized skin, eye, and mucous membrane infection

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7
Q

what does listeria infection look like in a new born?

A

sepsis or meningitis

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8
Q

when does gonorrhea conjunctivitis present in a newborn?

A

purulent eye discharge 3 days after birth

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9
Q

what are signs of increased intracranial pressure?

A

headache, nausea, vomiting

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10
Q

most common pediatric brain tumor?

A

Infratentorial, medulloblastoma

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11
Q

a new born who is a few hours old develops tachypnea, nasal flaring, grunting, retractions, and maybe cyanosis. Born via c section or intense vag delivery. What is the diagnosis?

A

transient tachypnea of the newborn. etiology= inability of the infant to absorb fetal lung fluid. CXR may show perihilar streaking and “starburst” pattern. usually resolves within 72 hours

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12
Q

when should breast feeding begin and what supplementation for baby may be appropriate?

A

immediately after birth; vitamin D supplementation at onset of breast feeding and iron supplementation at 4 months if baby is not getting iron rich foods

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13
Q

what is Type 1 Renal Tubular Acidosis?

A

failure of H+ excretion and K+ reabsorption by the collecting cells in the distal nephrons

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14
Q

what are the symptoms of Type 1 Renal Tubular Acidosis?

A

growth failure, hypokalemia, non-anion metabolic acidosis, and elevated urine pH above 5.5 (basic)

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15
Q

what is Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis?

A

the ball at the head of the femur slips off the neck of the bone in a backwards direction

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16
Q

treatment for slipped capital femoral epiphysis?

A

internal fixation of the affected hip

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17
Q

Signs and sx of slipped capital femoral epiphysis?

A

unilateral hip pain in obese adolescent, with limp, and pain referred to knee.

18
Q

physical exam findings of slipped capital femoral epiphysis?

A

reduced internal rotation, abduction, and flexion and a knee-axilla sign (hip flexion results in thigh rotation into external rotation.

19
Q

When does malaria develop after travel to endemic area?

A

a few weeks after travel

20
Q

describe the sx of malaria?

A

high recurrent fever, GI complaints, and travel to an endemic area

21
Q

describe the fever associated with malaria

A

paroxysms of shaking chills that last about 1-2 hours followed by a high fever, profuse sweating, and then return to normal temperature. these episodes recur every 2-3 days.

22
Q

what features are present in a seizure but not in a breath hold spell?

A

incontinence, post-ictal state, and no inciting event

23
Q

what is mild acne, and what is the treatment?

A

mild acne= comedones with few papulopustules. Tx=benzoyl peroxide or topical retinoids

24
Q

what is nodulocystic acne and what is the treatment?

A

painful nodules >5mm in diameter and scarring. Tx=intralesional steroid injection and isotretinoin. systemic abx.

25
Q

name some treaments for moderate-severe acne:

A

oral abx, spironolactone or hormone therapy for girls

26
Q

signs of hodgkin lymphoma

A

painless cervical adenopathy, fever, weight loss, night sweats, reed sternberg cells

27
Q

signs and sx of pyloric stenosis?

A

projectile, non-bilious vomiting at 3-5 weeks of age, may or not be RUQ mass

28
Q

how to diagnose pyloric stenosis if there is no presence of RUQ mass?

A

ultrasound

29
Q

what is the next step in management of a newborn who has a lump, tuft of hair, or birthmark in the lumbar spine?

A

ultrasound of the lower spine (to see if it is a meningomyelocele, spina bifida occulta)

30
Q

little girl presents with dribbling after peeing and is found to have a membrane partially covering the introitus between the labia minora. what is this and how do you treat it?

A

it is a labial adhesion. treat with estrogen cream.

31
Q

woman of childbearing age presents with fever, joint pain, and rash. what is this and how do you test for it?

A

SLE and using serum antinuclear antibodies, anti-smith, and anti-double stranded DNA

32
Q

What are the presenting signs of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a child?

A

anemia (pallor), thrombocytopenia (easy bruising/bleeding), neutropenia (fever)

33
Q

what is the most common type of childhood leukemia?

A

acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

34
Q

What is often the presentation of ALL in a child?

A

sepsis

35
Q

What is the first step to management of a child with ALL + sepsis?

A

blood culture and immediate administration of broad spectrum abx

36
Q

Signs and sx of diabetes insipidus in infant?

A
  • previously a vigorously-feeding infant who starts feeding poorly and has irritability and failure to thrive
  • peeing a lot
  • hypernatremic
  • dilute urine
  • dehydrated (sunken fontanelles)
  • within first week of life is usually nephrogenic DI
37
Q

signs and sx of DI in older chld?

A
  • polyuria
  • polydypsia
  • hypernatremia
  • dilute urine
  • dehydration
  • do whole DI workup
38
Q

Pt presents with recent/ongoing URI with fever, pain with eye movement, and proptosis. What happened?

A

rupture of ethmoid sinus into the posterior eye space (orbital cellulitis).

39
Q

Thrombocytopenia and eczema in a male infant who then develops life-treatening infections by encapsulated organisms is which disease?

A

Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome

40
Q

Female child with precocious puberty, hx of fractures, and cafe’-au-lait spots is suggestive of what syndrome?

A

McCune-Albright syndrome

41
Q

Which endocrinologic condition is often present in McCune-Albright syndorme?

A

hyperthyroidism

42
Q

Name some characteristic findings in a baby born to a mother with gestational diabetes mellitus (8):

A
  • macrosomia
  • metabolic derangements (hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia)
  • hyperbilirubinemia (polycythemia)
  • cardiomyopathy (cardiac ventricular outflow obstruction)
  • caudal regression syndrome (poor or absent lower extremity growth (hypertrophy of LEs), anencephaly, spina bifida
  • Small left colon syndrome

Peds Shelf Wrongs (15 decks)

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