Complications of central line insertion Flashcards
what does central line insertion involve?
Central line insertion involves the placement of a catheter into a large vein, usually in the neck, chest, or groin, to administer medication or fluids, obtain diagnostic tests, and monitor specific medical conditions.
why do complications with central lien insertion arise?
classified into mechanical, infectious, and thrombotic.
Factors contributing to these complications can include operator experience and skill, patient anatomy and condition, type and location of central line, sterile technique, and duration of catheter placement.
what are some complications with central line insertion?
Air embolism
bleeding
Pneumothorax
Infection
Phrenic nerve palsy
symptoms of air embolism?
Presents with sudden onset dyspnea, hypoxia, hypotension, tachycardia, and potential loss of consciousness.
symptoms of bleeding?
Clinical presentation depends on the volume and rate of blood loss, ranging from localised swelling and bruising to signs of hypovolemic shock in severe cases.
symptoms of PTX?
May manifest as sudden dyspnea, decreased breath sounds on the affected side, subcutaneous emphysema, and mediastinal shift in tension pneumothorax.
symptoms of infection?
Local signs include redness, swelling, purulent discharge at the catheter site. Systemic signs can include fever, chills, and sepsis in severe cases.
symptoms of phrenic nerve palsy?
Presents as dyspnea and potentially elevated hemidiaphragm on radiographic imaging.
what ix do you need to do with central line complication?
how od you manage air embolism?
Oxygen, patient positioning (left lateral and Trendelenburg), hyperbaric oxygen therapy if severe.
how do you manage bleeding?
pressure to site, vascular surgery consultation if severe.
how do you manage PTX?
Oxygen, chest tube insertion.
how do you manage infection
abx
catheter remvoal if indicated
how do you manage phrenic nerve palsy?
Supportive care, possible surgical consultation.
