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Pathopharm: NAT > Complementary and alternative therapies > Flashcards

Complementary and alternative therapies Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

what does complementary and alternative therapies consist of

A

botanicals, nutritional products, and herbal supplements

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3
Q

why do you need to be careful with complementary and alternative therapies

A

can interact with OTC and prescription drugs and can have both positive and negative effects

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4
Q

what is the DSHEA act of 1994

A

classified OTC agents
botanical: herbal
vitamins and minerals: dietary

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5
Q

What is important to know about the DSHEA

A

no assurance that a product actually contains what it says it does

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6
Q

in 2006 what came out the DSHEA act

A

reports of serious adverse effects was mandated

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7
Q

how long do you have to report serious adverse effects to the FDA

A

15 days

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8
Q

what happened in 2007 act

A

had to include ingredients, set regulations on manufacturing and labeling

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9
Q

what are the four private organizations for certification programs

A

USP, ConsumerLab, Natural products association, NSF

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10
Q

what do the private organization evaluate on

A

good manufacturing practices, purity, identity, potency, dissolution, accuracy of labeling

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11
Q

what two groups report on post-approval surveillance

A

USP and ConsumerLab: stamp of approval

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12
Q

what is some pt education about complementary and alternative therapies

A

always check with health care provider, don’t take if nursing, pregnant, don’t give herbs to infants/peds, follow labels, discontinue if side effects are bad, and there might be compounds in them that aren’t listed

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13
Q

what are some hazards of herbs

A

natural does not mean safe, can affect lab results, may interfere with anesthetics and anticoags

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14
Q

what do you need to educate a pt. about if they take herbs and are about to have surgery

A

stop taking 2-3 weeks before

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15
Q

what is black cohosh used for

A

menopause

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16
Q

side effects of black cohosh

A

rash, headache, dizziness, abdominal discomfort, rare-liver failure

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17
Q

what interactions does black cohosh have

A

can increase hypotensive effects w/ antihypertensive meds + hypoglycemic effects of diabetic meds

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18
Q

what is echinacea used for

A

antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulant effects

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19
Q

what is echinacea used for when used topically

A

burns, wounds, eczema

20
Q

what is echinacea used for when used orally

A

suppress inflammation, stimulate immune system

21
Q

what are the complaints of echinacea

A

bad tastes, GI effects

22
Q

what are the interactions of echinacea

A

can interfere with immunosuppressant drugs

23
Q

What is flaxseed used for

A

dyslipidemia and constipation, soluble plant fiber

24
Q

what does flaxseed reduce

A

LDL and overall cholesterol and doesn’t effect HDL and triglycerides

25
Q

what are the adverse effects of flaxseed

A

GI related, bloating, cramping, going to bathroom

26
Q

what is something important about flaxseed

A

needs to be taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after other meds

27
Q

what is garlic used for

A

lower BP, decrease formation of atherosclerosis, suppress platelet aggregation

28
Q

what are the stipulations of using garlic

A

raw, 1-2 cloves BID, contain allicin

29
Q

how many garlic products contain allicin

A

5/18

30
Q

what are the bad things about garlic

A

strong taste, bad breath, BO

31
Q

what is ginger root used for

A

vertigo, motion + sea sickness, chemotherapy, and general anesthesia, arthritis, chronic inflammatory conditions

32
Q

what do you have to be careful about with ginger root

A

can lower blood sugar: hypoglycemic effects of insulin for diabetics

33
Q

What is St. John’s Wort used for

A

mild to moderate depression, decreases reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine

34
Q

what is important to know about St. Johns Wort

A

interacts with a lot of drugs

35
Q

what is glucosamine and chondroitin used for

A

osteoarthritis of knee, hip, and wrist, assist in making cartilage and synovial fluid, reduce joint inflammation + cartilage damage, maintain cartilage integrity

36
Q

what pts should you be careful using glucosamine and chondroitin with

A

pts allergic to shellfish

37
Q

what are the adverse effects of glucosamine and chondroitin

A

GI disturbances: nausea + heartburn, increased risk of bleeding

38
Q

what are probiotics used for

A

GUT HEALTH

39
Q

what are some effects of probiotics

A

GI effects

40
Q

what is green tea used for

A

mental alertness, headache relief, protects against heart disease + cancer, promotes weight loss

41
Q

what are adverse effects of green tea

A

liver dysfunction

42
Q

what are three harmful substances

A

comfrey, kava, ma huang

43
Q

what does comfrey do

A

contains alkaloids associated with vent-occlusive disease

44
Q

is comfrey safe when using it topically or orally

A

topical

45
Q

what is kava used for

A

relaxation and anxiety

46
Q

what is bad about kava

A

severe hepatic damage

47
Q

what does ma Huang do

A

elevate BP, stimulate heart + CNS, contains ephredrine

Pathopharm: NAT (12 decks)

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