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Gwen > Complement > Flashcards

Complement Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two antibodies that are most potent in activation of complement system?

A

IgM, IgG

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2
Q

Components of complement are synthesized in the liver. They reside in all tissue fluid except?

A

CSF( cerebral spinal fluid)
Urine

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3
Q

What are the three methods of activation of the complement system?

A

Spontaneously
Antigen antibody complex
Bacterial products

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4
Q

What are functions of C1 inhibitor, factor I, factor s, factor H, CD59.

A

Inhibits the complement system

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5
Q

How is the classical pathway activated?

A

Antigen antibody complex

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6
Q

Write down The C1 complex of the classical and mannan binding lecting pathway

A

C1qr2s2

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7
Q

C2 is broken down to C2a and C2b. Which of the two is used in the complex reaction?

A

C2a

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8
Q

Write down the components of C3 convertase of the classical pathway.

A

C4b2a

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9
Q

Function of C3 convertase?

A

Breaks down C3 into C3a and C3b

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10
Q

Write down the components of C5 convertase of the classical pathway.

A

C4b2a3b

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11
Q

Function of C5 convertase?

A

Breaks C5 to C5a and C5b

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12
Q

Components of the membrane attack complex

A

C5b678 and poly 9

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13
Q

Which complement pathway is activated spontaneously?

A

Alternative pathway

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14
Q

Which complement components are bypassed in the alternative pathway?

A

C1, C4 and C2

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15
Q

Which component of the alternative pathway breaks down spontaneously?

A

C3 to C3a and C3b

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16
Q

Which factor breaks down factor B?

A

Factor D

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17
Q

Write down C 3 convertase of the alternative pathway

A

C3bBb

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18
Q

What is properdin? When is it formed?

A

A component that stabilizes the C3 convertase.
It’s formed during the formation of C3 convertase

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19
Q

What does the C3 convertase do in the alternative pathway?

A

Breaks down C3 into C3a and C3b

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20
Q

Write down C5 convertase of the alternative pathway?

A

C3bBb3b

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21
Q

Is the properdin system involved in the classical pathway? T or F

A

F

22
Q

Which component of complement produces a kinin?
Function of a kinin?

A

Cleavage of C2a
Function: increase vascular permeability

23
Q

Most important function of MAC(membrane attack complex)?

A

Protects against Neisseria

24
Q

What are chemotactics?give examples.

A

Complement components that attract neutrophils and macrophages
Examples: C5a and C3a

25
Q

Examples of anaphylaxins?

A

C3a C5a C4a. They cause degranulation of mast cells to produce inflammatory substances(eg histamin)

26
Q

What initiates the formation of MAC

A

C5b by binding C6

27
Q

What binds Fc portion of the antibodies igM and IgG

A

C1q

28
Q

What is the the order of complement participation.

A

C4b c2a C3b C5b C6 C7 C8 C9

29
Q

Kidneys transplanted from pigs to primates dies within minutes. Which complement pathway mediates this?

A

Alternative pathway

30
Q

Which surface is spontaneous activation of C3 promoted?

A

Pig cells

31
Q

List initiators of alternative pathways both pathogens and nonpathogens

A

Pathogens
Fungal and yeast cell.walls
Viruses and virus infected cells
Tumour cells. eg Raji
Parasites(trypanosomes)

Nonpathogens
Pure carbohydrates
Coverage venom factor
Human igG. IgA. IgE.
Rabbit and guine pig igG

32
Q

Which pathway deals with non-specific innate immunity?

A

Alternative pathway

33
Q

Which pathway deals with specific acquired immunity?

A

Classical pathway

34
Q

Which pathways I similar to classical pathway?

A

Lectin pathway

35
Q

Which complement components do complement receptors bind.

A

MBL, C1, and activated C4 and C3

36
Q

Which receptor induces degradation of mast cells and basophils

A

C4a, C3a, C5a receptor

37
Q

Which receptor blocks formation of C3 convertase aasnd binds immune complex to cells

A

CR1
Major lingand-C3b, C4b

38
Q

Which receptor binds Epstein-barr virus

A

CR2

39
Q

What does cleavage of C3dg by serum proteases generate

A

C3d and C3g

40
Q

What activates the final part of the cascade of complement componentd

A

C3

41
Q

What do the following deficiencies lead to
1. C2 and C4
2. C3 and factor D
3. Deficiency of C5-C9
4. Deficiency of regulatory proteins

A

Lupus erythematosus
Pyogenic bacterial infection
Neisseria
Cell lysis and inflammations

42
Q

What executes cytolysis

A

MAC

43
Q

Opsonization
Anaphylaxon
Activate phagocytosis and neutrophils

A
  1. C3b
  2. C3a,4a,5a
  3. C5a
44
Q

Recognition unit of classical

A

C1q

45
Q

Ab independent pathways

A

Alternative
Lectin

46
Q

All three pathway converge at point of

A

Cleavage of C3

47
Q

Ions needed for complement cascade

A

Can, mg

48
Q

Which part of immunoglobulin structure is involved in activation of complement via classical

A

Fc region

49
Q

What facilitates the binding of immune complex to several surfaces (erythrocytes) and enhance removal of liver and spleen?

A

C3b

50
Q

What is C3 deficiency associated with?

A

Immon-complex disease and susceptibility to recurrent infections

51
Q

Patients who produce less antibody and are more susceptible to pyogenic infection, are deficient in what?

A

C3b

Gwen (8 decks)

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