Compiled Flashcards
Staph aureus is tolerant on what agar
Mannitol salts
Grape like clusters
Staph aureus
Gold color of Staph aureus is due to
Staphyloxanthine
Staph aureus: habitat
Anterior nares
Toxin of Staph aureus that causes epidermal separation leading to SSSS
Exfoliatin
Toxin of Staph aureus causing food poisoning
Enterotoxib
Most common cause of acute endocarditis
Staph aureus
Staph aureus endocarditis usually affects wc valve
Tricuspid
Sequestered focus of osteomyletis arising in the metaphseal area of a long bone
Brodie abscess- Staph aureus
Exfoliatin cleaves desmoglein jn desmosomes leading to seperation of the epidermis at stratum granulosum
Ritters disease - scalded skin syndrome - Staph aureus
Most common cause of prosthetic device infection
Staph Epidermidis
2nd most common cause of UTIs in women
Staph saprophyticus
Positive PYR test
Strep pyogenes and group D strep
Habitat of saprophyticus
Orophaynx
Toxin that causes scarlet fever
Erythrogenic toxin- strep pyogenes
Perioral blistered lesions with honey colored crust; accumulation of neutrophils beneath the stratum corneum
Impetigo contagiosa- strep pyogenes
Superficial infection extending into the dermal lymphatics
Erysipelas -
strep pyogenes
Cellulitis is facilitated by what?
Hyaluronidase
Rapidly progressive infection of deep subcutaneous tissues
Necrotizing fascitis- strep pyogenes
Most common bacterial cause of sore throat
Strep pyogenes
Fever, strawberry tongue, centrifugal rash(sand paper like),Pastia’s lines
Scarlet fever- strep pyogene
Scarlet fever is due to what
Staph pyogenes- erythrogenic toxin
Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome is due to
Pyogenic extoxin A- strep pyogenes
Acute rheumatic fever is due to
Cross rxn with M proteins- strep pyogenes
Glomerulonephritis is due to
strep pyogenes
CAMP test positive
Streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococci)
Habitat of Streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococci)
Vagina
Most common cause of pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis
Streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococci)
All pregnant women should be screened for Streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococci) at how many weeks AOG
35-37
Halotolerant
Enterococcos faecalis (group D strep)
Marantic endocarditis
Enterococcos faecalis (group D strep)
Endocarditis in patients with abdominal malignancy due to strep bovis
Marantic
Lancet shaped cocci in pairs
Strep pneumoniae
Most common cause of CAP
Strep pneumoniae
Rust colored sputum
Strep pneumoniae
Most common cause of OM, sinusitis, bacterial meningitis
Strep pneumoniae
Enters bloodstream during dental procedures
Viridians streptococci(streptococcus mutans, s. Sanguis)
Most common cause of subacute and native valve endocarditis
S sanguis
Box car shaped
Bacillus anthracis
Reheated fried rice
Bacillus cereus
Tennis racket like
Clostridium tetani
Bulging cans
Clostridium botolinum
Pseudomembranes
Clostridium difficile
Chines characters
Corynebacterium diphtheria
Tumbling motility
Listeria monocytogenes
Dry ground glass surface and irregular edges with projections along lines of inoculation
Medusa head morphology- bacillus anthracis
Woolsorter’s disease
bacillus anthracis
Poly D glutamate capsule
bacillus anthracis
PA plus EF
Edema toxin
PA plus LF
Lethal toxin
Malignant pustule
Cutaneous anthrax
Massively enlarged mediasinal LN
Inhalational anthrax
Protease that cleaves proteins involved in the release of glycine from renshaw cells in spinal cord
Tetanus toxin(tetanospasmin)
Most common type of botolinum toxin in humans
A,B, E
Botox is a commercial preparation of
Exotoxin A
Floppy baby syndrome
Infant botulism
Double hemolysis on blood agar
Clostrisium perfringens
Gas gangrene, cause? Toxin?
Clostridium perfringens- alpha toxin
Cytopathic effect
Clostridium difficile
Tumbling motility
Listetia monocytogenes
Unpasteurized milk products
Listeria monocyogened
Cold enhancement
Listeria monocytogenes
Early onset neonatal listeriosis
Granulomatosis infantiseptica
Most common cause of urethriitis
Gonococcal urethritis
Most common cause of PID
Neisseria gonorrheae
Violin string adhesions
Fitz hugh curtis syndrome- n gonorrhea
Most conmon cause of septic arthritis in sexually active adults
N gonorrhea
Cause culture negative subacute bacterial endocarditis
Eikenella corrodens and kingella kingae
Polyribitol phosphate capsule
Haemophilus influenzae
Airconditioning
Legionella
Satellite phenomenon
H influenzae
Most common cause of epiglottitis
H influenzae
Stipple: cxr
Laryngotracheobronchitis
Thumb sign
H influenzae
Causes whooping
Bordetella pertussis
Tuspirina
Pertussis
Sole virulence factor of legionella
Endtoxin
3 most common causes of atypical pneumonia
Mycoplasma, legionella, chlamydia
Pontiac fever
Legionella pneumophilia
Green sheen
E coli
Extended spectrum beta lactamase
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Shooting star
Vibrio cholerae
H2S producer
Salmonella spl
H2S non producer
Shigella slo
Staghorn calculi
Proteus mirabilis
E coli toxin that causes water diarrhea
HST and HLT enterotoxin
E coli enterotoxin that causes bloody diarrhea
Verotoxib
2nd most common cause of Neonatal meninitis
E coli
Most common cause of travelers diarrhea
ETEC
Backpackers diarrhea
Giardia
Pathogenic, philippines, pedia, diarrhea
EPEC
Typhoid fever is due to
Vi capsular antigen- salmonella spp
Strain of salmonella that causes septicemia
S cholerasius
Most common cause of bacillary dysentery
Sonnei Duval’s bacillus
Most severe form of dysenteriae
Shigella dysenteriae type I - shiga bacillus
Most common cause of epidemic dysentety
Dysenteriae type I
Shooting start motility
Vibrio
Shellfish handlers
V vulnificus
Pandemics are caused by this vibrio
Vibrio cholerae 01 biotype el tor - cholera el tor
Herd immunity
Vibrio
COMMA SHAPED, g(-) rods
Campylobacter jejuni
Most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis
Campylobacter jejuni
Undercooked chicken
Campylobacter jejuni
Associated with GBS and reiter’s
Campylobacter jejuni
CURVED, g(-) rod; UREASE positive
H pylori
H pylori is associated with what CA
Gastric carcinoma, MALT lymphomas
Faculatative, g(-) with large polysaccharide capsule
K pneumoniae
Struvite stones consist of
Magnesium ammonium phosphate
Staghorn calculi
Proteus mirabilis
Grape like odor, has pyocyanin
Pseudomonas
Hot tub folliculitis; green nail syndrome
Pseudomonas
Pubic osteomyelitis in IV drug abusers
Pseudomonas
Most common cause of otitis externa
Pseudomonas
Shanghai fever
Pseudomons
Predominant anaerobe of colon; spreads to blood or peritoneum during bowel trauma, perforation or surgery
Bacteroides fragilis
Undulating fever; Unpasterized dairy products
Brucellosis - brucella abortus
Tularemia
Francisella tularensis
Bubonic, pneumonic, septicimeic plague
Yersinia pestis
Most virulent bacteria
Yersina pestis
Safety pin staining
Yersina pestis
Buboes
Yersina pestis
Buttery colonies
Pasteurella multicoda
Most important virulence fx of tb
Cord factor- prevents leukocyte migration
Prevents phagosome lysosomal fusion in TB
Sulfatides
Subpleural granuloma
Ghon’s focus
Radiologicallyy detectable calcifiacation in TB
Ranke’s complex
Reactivation TB in apices
Simon’s focus
Signals acute flare ups of lepromatous leprosy
Erythema nodosum leprosum
Sinus tracts draining sulfur granules
Actinomycosis- Actinomyces israelii
Acquired in a setting of dental trauma(broken jaw/dental extraction)
Actinomyces israelii
Mycetomas, brain abscess, ORANGE COLONIES
Nocardia asteroides
Smallest free living organism
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Only bacteria with cholesterol in cell membrane
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Most common type of atypical pneumonia- walking pneumonia
M pneumoniae
Most common infectious of m pneumoniae
Nocardia asteroides
Painful chancroid
H ducreyi
Chancre
Primary syphilis
Condyloma lata
Secondary syphilis
Gummas
Tertiary syphilis
Argyll robertson
Tertiary syphilis
Unilateral enlargement of the sternoclavicular portion of the clavicle
Higoumenaki
Most important diagnostic test in syphilis
Dark field microscopy
Confirmatory test for 2ndary/ 3 syphilis
FTA ABS
Transmittes by human body louse
Borreli recurrentis
Leptospira interrogans
Shepherd’s crook
Gold standard for dx of leptospira interrogans
Lepto MAT
Snow flake lesion in cxr
Immune leptospiric phase with pulmonary involvement
Triad of Weil syndrome
Jaundice, bleeding, uremia
Orange cast skin
Weil syndrome
Energy parasites that use host ATP
Chlamydia trachomagis
Most common STD overall
Chlamydia trachomatis
Halberstadter Prowazek inclusion
Trachoma
Most common infectious cause of blindness in the world
Trachoma
Staccato cough
Neonatal pneumonia- c trachomatis D-K
Frei test
Lymphogranulosum venos
bird fancier’s disease
Chlamydia psittaci
Weil felix reaction
Rickettsiae, proteus vulgaris
Cat scratch disease
Bartonella henselae
Transmitted via dog tick
Ehrlichiosis- ehrlichia chaffeenensis
Clue cells
Gardnerella vaginalis
Chancroid
Haemophilus ducreyi
Mesenteric adenitis- pseudoappendictis
Yersinia enterocolitica
Granuloma inguinale
Donovanosis- klebsiella granulomatis