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Compiled Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Staph aureus is tolerant on what agar

A

Mannitol salts

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1
Q

Grape like clusters

A

Staph aureus

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2
Q

Gold color of Staph aureus is due to

A

Staphyloxanthine

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3
Q

Staph aureus: habitat

A

Anterior nares

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4
Q

Toxin of Staph aureus that causes epidermal separation leading to SSSS

A

Exfoliatin

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5
Q

Toxin of Staph aureus causing food poisoning

A

Enterotoxib

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6
Q

Most common cause of acute endocarditis

A

Staph aureus

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7
Q

Staph aureus endocarditis usually affects wc valve

A

Tricuspid

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8
Q

Sequestered focus of osteomyletis arising in the metaphseal area of a long bone

A

Brodie abscess- Staph aureus

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9
Q

Exfoliatin cleaves desmoglein jn desmosomes leading to seperation of the epidermis at stratum granulosum

A

Ritters disease - scalded skin syndrome - Staph aureus

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10
Q

Most common cause of prosthetic device infection

A

Staph Epidermidis

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11
Q

2nd most common cause of UTIs in women

A

Staph saprophyticus

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12
Q

Positive PYR test

A

Strep pyogenes and group D strep

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13
Q

Habitat of saprophyticus

A

Orophaynx

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14
Q

Toxin that causes scarlet fever

A

Erythrogenic toxin- strep pyogenes

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15
Q

Perioral blistered lesions with honey colored crust; accumulation of neutrophils beneath the stratum corneum

A

Impetigo contagiosa- strep pyogenes

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16
Q

Superficial infection extending into the dermal lymphatics

A

Erysipelas -

strep pyogenes

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17
Q

Cellulitis is facilitated by what?

A

Hyaluronidase

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18
Q

Rapidly progressive infection of deep subcutaneous tissues

A

Necrotizing fascitis- strep pyogenes

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19
Q

Most common bacterial cause of sore throat

A

Strep pyogenes

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20
Q

Fever, strawberry tongue, centrifugal rash(sand paper like),Pastia’s lines

A

Scarlet fever- strep pyogene

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21
Q

Scarlet fever is due to what

A

Staph pyogenes- erythrogenic toxin

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22
Q

Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome is due to

A

Pyogenic extoxin A- strep pyogenes

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23
Q

Acute rheumatic fever is due to

A

Cross rxn with M proteins- strep pyogenes

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24
Q

Glomerulonephritis is due to

A

strep pyogenes

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25
Q

CAMP test positive

A

Streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococci)

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26
Q

Habitat of Streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococci)

A

Vagina

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27
Q

Most common cause of pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis

A

Streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococci)

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28
Q

All pregnant women should be screened for Streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococci) at how many weeks AOG

A

35-37

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29
Q

Halotolerant

A

Enterococcos faecalis (group D strep)

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30
Q

Marantic endocarditis

A

Enterococcos faecalis (group D strep)

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31
Q

Endocarditis in patients with abdominal malignancy due to strep bovis

A

Marantic

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32
Q

Lancet shaped cocci in pairs

A

Strep pneumoniae

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33
Q

Most common cause of CAP

A

Strep pneumoniae

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34
Q

Rust colored sputum

A

Strep pneumoniae

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35
Q

Most common cause of OM, sinusitis, bacterial meningitis

A

Strep pneumoniae

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36
Q

Enters bloodstream during dental procedures

A

Viridians streptococci(streptococcus mutans, s. Sanguis)

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37
Q

Most common cause of subacute and native valve endocarditis

A

S sanguis

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38
Q

Box car shaped

A

Bacillus anthracis

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39
Q

Reheated fried rice

A

Bacillus cereus

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40
Q

Tennis racket like

A

Clostridium tetani

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41
Q

Bulging cans

A

Clostridium botolinum

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42
Q

Pseudomembranes

A

Clostridium difficile

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43
Q

Chines characters

A

Corynebacterium diphtheria

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44
Q

Tumbling motility

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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45
Q

Dry ground glass surface and irregular edges with projections along lines of inoculation

A

Medusa head morphology- bacillus anthracis

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46
Q

Woolsorter’s disease

A

bacillus anthracis

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47
Q

Poly D glutamate capsule

A

bacillus anthracis

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48
Q

PA plus EF

A

Edema toxin

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49
Q

PA plus LF

A

Lethal toxin

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50
Q

Malignant pustule

A

Cutaneous anthrax

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51
Q

Massively enlarged mediasinal LN

A

Inhalational anthrax

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52
Q

Protease that cleaves proteins involved in the release of glycine from renshaw cells in spinal cord

A

Tetanus toxin(tetanospasmin)

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53
Q

Most common type of botolinum toxin in humans

A

A,B, E

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54
Q

Botox is a commercial preparation of

A

Exotoxin A

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55
Q

Floppy baby syndrome

A

Infant botulism

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56
Q

Double hemolysis on blood agar

A

Clostrisium perfringens

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57
Q

Gas gangrene, cause? Toxin?

A

Clostridium perfringens- alpha toxin

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58
Q

Cytopathic effect

A

Clostridium difficile

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59
Q

Tumbling motility

A

Listetia monocytogenes

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60
Q

Unpasteurized milk products

A

Listeria monocyogened

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61
Q

Cold enhancement

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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62
Q

Early onset neonatal listeriosis

A

Granulomatosis infantiseptica

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63
Q

Most common cause of urethriitis

A

Gonococcal urethritis

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64
Q

Most common cause of PID

A

Neisseria gonorrheae

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65
Q

Violin string adhesions

A

Fitz hugh curtis syndrome- n gonorrhea

66
Q

Most conmon cause of septic arthritis in sexually active adults

A

N gonorrhea

67
Q

Cause culture negative subacute bacterial endocarditis

A

Eikenella corrodens and kingella kingae

68
Q

Polyribitol phosphate capsule

A

Haemophilus influenzae

69
Q

Airconditioning

A

Legionella

70
Q

Satellite phenomenon

A

H influenzae

71
Q

Most common cause of epiglottitis

A

H influenzae

72
Q

Stipple: cxr

A

Laryngotracheobronchitis

73
Q

Thumb sign

A

H influenzae

74
Q

Causes whooping

A

Bordetella pertussis

75
Q

Tuspirina

A

Pertussis

76
Q

Sole virulence factor of legionella

A

Endtoxin

77
Q

3 most common causes of atypical pneumonia

A

Mycoplasma, legionella, chlamydia

78
Q

Pontiac fever

A

Legionella pneumophilia

79
Q

Green sheen

A

E coli

80
Q

Extended spectrum beta lactamase

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

81
Q

Shooting star

A

Vibrio cholerae

82
Q

H2S producer

A

Salmonella spl

83
Q

H2S non producer

A

Shigella slo

84
Q

Staghorn calculi

A

Proteus mirabilis

85
Q

E coli toxin that causes water diarrhea

A

HST and HLT enterotoxin

86
Q

E coli enterotoxin that causes bloody diarrhea

A

Verotoxib

87
Q

2nd most common cause of Neonatal meninitis

A

E coli

88
Q

Most common cause of travelers diarrhea

A

ETEC

89
Q

Backpackers diarrhea

A

Giardia

90
Q

Pathogenic, philippines, pedia, diarrhea

A

EPEC

91
Q

Typhoid fever is due to

A

Vi capsular antigen- salmonella spp

92
Q

Strain of salmonella that causes septicemia

A

S cholerasius

93
Q

Most common cause of bacillary dysentery

A

Sonnei Duval’s bacillus

94
Q

Most severe form of dysenteriae

A

Shigella dysenteriae type I - shiga bacillus

95
Q

Most common cause of epidemic dysentety

A

Dysenteriae type I

96
Q

Shooting start motility

A

Vibrio

97
Q

Shellfish handlers

A

V vulnificus

98
Q

Pandemics are caused by this vibrio

A

Vibrio cholerae 01 biotype el tor - cholera el tor

99
Q

Herd immunity

A

Vibrio

100
Q

COMMA SHAPED, g(-) rods

A

Campylobacter jejuni

101
Q

Most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis

A

Campylobacter jejuni

102
Q

Undercooked chicken

A

Campylobacter jejuni

103
Q

Associated with GBS and reiter’s

A

Campylobacter jejuni

104
Q

CURVED, g(-) rod; UREASE positive

A

H pylori

105
Q

H pylori is associated with what CA

A

Gastric carcinoma, MALT lymphomas

106
Q

Faculatative, g(-) with large polysaccharide capsule

A

K pneumoniae

107
Q

Struvite stones consist of

A

Magnesium ammonium phosphate

108
Q

Staghorn calculi

A

Proteus mirabilis

109
Q

Grape like odor, has pyocyanin

A

Pseudomonas

110
Q

Hot tub folliculitis; green nail syndrome

A

Pseudomonas

111
Q

Pubic osteomyelitis in IV drug abusers

A

Pseudomonas

112
Q

Most common cause of otitis externa

A

Pseudomonas

113
Q

Shanghai fever

A

Pseudomons

114
Q

Predominant anaerobe of colon; spreads to blood or peritoneum during bowel trauma, perforation or surgery

A

Bacteroides fragilis

115
Q

Undulating fever; Unpasterized dairy products

A

Brucellosis - brucella abortus

116
Q

Tularemia

A

Francisella tularensis

117
Q

Bubonic, pneumonic, septicimeic plague

A

Yersinia pestis

118
Q

Most virulent bacteria

A

Yersina pestis

119
Q

Safety pin staining

A

Yersina pestis

120
Q

Buboes

A

Yersina pestis

121
Q

Buttery colonies

A

Pasteurella multicoda

122
Q

Most important virulence fx of tb

A

Cord factor- prevents leukocyte migration

123
Q

Prevents phagosome lysosomal fusion in TB

A

Sulfatides

124
Q

Subpleural granuloma

A

Ghon’s focus

125
Q

Radiologicallyy detectable calcifiacation in TB

A

Ranke’s complex

126
Q

Reactivation TB in apices

A

Simon’s focus

127
Q

Signals acute flare ups of lepromatous leprosy

A

Erythema nodosum leprosum

128
Q

Sinus tracts draining sulfur granules

A

Actinomycosis- Actinomyces israelii

129
Q

Acquired in a setting of dental trauma(broken jaw/dental extraction)

A

Actinomyces israelii

130
Q

Mycetomas, brain abscess, ORANGE COLONIES

A

Nocardia asteroides

131
Q

Smallest free living organism

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

132
Q

Only bacteria with cholesterol in cell membrane

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

133
Q

Most common type of atypical pneumonia- walking pneumonia

A

M pneumoniae

134
Q

Most common infectious of m pneumoniae

A

Nocardia asteroides

135
Q

Painful chancroid

A

H ducreyi

136
Q

Chancre

A

Primary syphilis

137
Q

Condyloma lata

A

Secondary syphilis

138
Q

Gummas

A

Tertiary syphilis

139
Q

Argyll robertson

A

Tertiary syphilis

140
Q

Unilateral enlargement of the sternoclavicular portion of the clavicle

A

Higoumenaki

141
Q

Most important diagnostic test in syphilis

A

Dark field microscopy

142
Q

Confirmatory test for 2ndary/ 3 syphilis

A

FTA ABS

143
Q

Transmittes by human body louse

A

Borreli recurrentis

144
Q

Leptospira interrogans

A

Shepherd’s crook

145
Q

Gold standard for dx of leptospira interrogans

A

Lepto MAT

146
Q

Snow flake lesion in cxr

A

Immune leptospiric phase with pulmonary involvement

147
Q

Triad of Weil syndrome

A

Jaundice, bleeding, uremia

148
Q

Orange cast skin

A

Weil syndrome

149
Q

Energy parasites that use host ATP

A

Chlamydia trachomagis

150
Q

Most common STD overall

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

151
Q

Halberstadter Prowazek inclusion

A

Trachoma

152
Q

Most common infectious cause of blindness in the world

A

Trachoma

153
Q

Staccato cough

A

Neonatal pneumonia- c trachomatis D-K

154
Q

Frei test

A

Lymphogranulosum venos

155
Q

bird fancier’s disease

A

Chlamydia psittaci

156
Q

Weil felix reaction

A

Rickettsiae, proteus vulgaris

157
Q

Cat scratch disease

A

Bartonella henselae

158
Q

Transmitted via dog tick

A

Ehrlichiosis- ehrlichia chaffeenensis

159
Q

Clue cells

A

Gardnerella vaginalis

160
Q

Chancroid

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

161
Q

Mesenteric adenitis- pseudoappendictis

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

162
Q

Granuloma inguinale

A

Donovanosis- klebsiella granulomatis

Microbiology (21 decks)

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