Competency 004 Flashcards
What are the 3 stages of reading development?
Emergent Readers, Early Readers, Newly Fluent Readers
Emergent Readers
Understands that print contains meaningful information; imitate the reading process and display basic reading readiness skills like directionality movement
Early Readers
Have mastered reading readiness skills and are beginning to read simple text with some degree of success; rely less on pictures to determine information
New Fluent Readers
Can read with relative fluency and comprehension; able to use several cuing systems to obtain meaning from print
What are the two most common approaches used to teach reading?
Skills-based and Meaning-based
Skills-Based (Bottom-Up Approach)
Proceeds from the specific to the general or from the parts of the whole; begins with phonemes and graphemes and expands to syllable, words, sentences, etc.
Phonics
Skills-based approach; a method of teaching beginners to read and pronounce words by teaching them the phonetic value of letters, letter groups, and syllables
Meaning-Based (Top-Down Approach)
Begins with the whole and then proceeds to its individual parts; begins with whole stories, paragraphs, etc. then proceeds to the smallest unit of syllables, graphemes, etc.
Whole Language Approach
Meaning-based approach; suggests that to derive meaning from text, readers rely more of the structure and meaning of language than on the graphic information from the text
Miscue Analysis
A process that begins with a child reading a selection orally, and an examiner nothing variations of the oral reading from the printed text
Genre
A particular type of literature that can be classified in multiple categories
Picture Books
Books in which the illustrations and the text work together to communicate the story
Traditional Literature
Comprises the stories that have their roots in the oral tradition of storytelling and have been handed down from generation to generation
Multicultural Literature
Describes literature other than traditional European stories
Authentic Multicultural
Literature written by members of a particular cultural group to represent their own historical development and culture
