Compendium 3 - Digestive system

Question 1

from superior to inferior, what are the structures (7) of the Alimentary tract.

Answer 1

oral cavity,
pharynx
esophagus
stomach
small intestines
large intestines
anus

Question 2

what parts can the small intestine (3) and large intestine (3(4)) be broken into

Answer 2

small intestine = duodenum, ileum, jejunum

large intestine = cecum, colon (ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid), rectum.

Question 3

What are the functions of the digestive system (6)

Answer 3

• ingestion
• mastication
• secretion
• Digestion
• Absorption
• Elimination

Question 4

what are the 4 types of teeth and how many of each do we have?

Answer 4

• Molars (12) (including wisdoms)
• Premolars (8)
• Canines (4)
• Incisors (8)

Question 5

what are the roles of the molars, premolars, canines and incisors.

Answer 5

molars and premolars = grinding
canines = tearing
incisors = cutting

Question 6

what are the 3 sections of the pharynx

Answer 6

1. nasopharynx
2. oropharynx
3. laryngopharynx

Question 7

Name and describe the 3 stages of swallowing

Answer 7

1. Voluntary- tongue pushed bolus towards pharynx
2. Pharyngeal- soft palate closes over nasopharynx, bolus touches receptors on oropharynx, swallowing reflex pushed bolus into esophagus.
3. Esophageal - peristalsis

Question 8

where are proteins, carbs and lipids absorbed in the small intestines

Answer 8

proteins and carbs move into blood vessel, lipids move into lacteal.

Question 9

what are the 3 functions of the liver

Answer 9

1. make bile + release it into the duodenum
2. store glucose and lipids for energy
3. detoxification of drugs and toxins ( filtering blood from aorta and intestines )

Question 10

what is the exocrine function of the pancreas

Answer 10

secrete the digestive enzymes; lipase, pancreatic amylase and trypsin, into the duodenum.