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Veterinary Public Health > Companion Animals; Zoonotic disease issues > Flashcards

Companion Animals; Zoonotic disease issues Flashcards

1
Q

What is zoonoses

A

any infectious disease that can be transmitted from animals, both wild and domestic, to humans OR from humans to non-human animals

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2
Q

What are the types of disease causing agents

A

bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites

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3
Q

issues with household pets

A

degree/duration/intensity of contact + food/treats

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4
Q

issues with pet birds

A

fecal contact and aerosolization of fecal material

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5
Q

issues with reptiles and amphibians

A

habitat contamination and fecal contamination

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6
Q

issues with horses

A

nasal/facial contact, fecal contamination, international movement

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7
Q

routes of transmission of zoonotic diseases of companion animals

A

aerosol, vectors, oral, direct contact, fomites

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8
Q

organisms spread by bites (direct contact)

A

rabies virus, pasteurella, staph. aureus, streptococcus

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9
Q

organisms spread by direct or indirect contact

A

flea bites, fungal infection, staph. aureus, mites

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10
Q

organisms spread by droplets

A

chlamydophila psittaci

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11
Q

organisms spread by fecal-oral route

A

campylobacter, salmonella, giardia

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12
Q

vector-borne spread of organisms

A

ticks –> lyme disease and ehrlichia

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13
Q

organisms spread by fleas

A

dipylidium caninum and bartonella henselae

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14
Q

at risk populations to consider in the home

A

young, elderly, pregnant, immunocompromised

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15
Q

benefits of animals

A

enhanced social interaction, exercise, improved health, companionship

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16
Q

reportable organisms of dogs

A

brucellosis, campylobacteriosis, rabies, salmonellosis

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17
Q

reportable diseases of cats

A

campylobacteriosis, rabies, salmonellosis, plague

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18
Q

reportable diseases of ferrets

A

campylobacteriosis

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19
Q

reportable diseases of ferrets

A

campylobacteriosis, influenza, rabies, salmonellosis, tuberculosis

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20
Q

reportable diseases of rabbits

A

salmonellosis, tularemia

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21
Q

reportable diseases of guinea pigs

A

campylobacteriosis, salmonellosis, tularemia

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22
Q

reportable disease of prairie dogs

A

plague

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23
Q

reportable disease of pet birds

A

campylobacteriosis, new castle disease, psittacosis, salmonellosis, tuberculosis

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24
Q

reportable diseases of reptiles and amphibians

A

campylobacteriosis, salmonellosis

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25
Q

what type of organism is salmonella

A

gram negative enteric bacteria

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26
Q

what animals is salmonella present on

A

fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds, rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, rodents (some dogs/cats)

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27
Q

how is salmonella transmitted

A

fecal-oral transmission (both clinically ill and health pets may shed)

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28
Q

how is salmonella transmitted

A

fecal-oral transmission (both clinically ill and health pets may shed)

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29
Q

what type of organism is campylobacter

A

gram negative enteric

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30
Q

which animals is campylobacter present in

A

cats and dogs (range of percentages; high in shelters or diarrheic animals)

31
Q

what is the most common campylobacter species found in dogs and cats

A

C. upsaliensis

32
Q

how is campylobacter transmitted

A

fecal-oral (both ill and healthy pets can shed)

33
Q

what type of organism is leptospira interrogans

A

spiral gram negative

34
Q

what animals is leptospira present with

A

some dogs, horses and pet rats (MAIN RESERVOIR IS WILDLIFE)

35
Q

how is leptospira shed

A

in urine

36
Q

how is leptospira transmitted

A

direct or indirect contact with urine or contaminated water or fomites

37
Q

what type of organism is chlamydophila psittaci

A

gram-negative bacteria

38
Q

what animals does chlamydophil psittaci occur in

A

psittacines – budgies, cockatiels, lories, cockatoos, conures, amazons, african greys, love birds, senegals and jardines

39
Q

what is the causative agent of lyme disease

A

borrelia burgdorferi

40
Q

what ticks transmit borrelia burgdorferi

A

ixodes scapularis and pacificus

41
Q

what ticks transmit borrelia burgdorferi

A

ixodes scapularis and pacificus

42
Q

what type of bacteria is staphylococcus aureus

A

opportunistic gram positive bacteria (predominantly human pathogen)

43
Q

what is the reverse zoonosis occurring with staphylococcus aureus

A

transmission of MRSA from humans to animals – animals may become reservoirs in community

44
Q

what does bartonella henselae cause

A

cat scratch disease

45
Q

what type of bacteria is bartonella henselae

A

gram negative (present in cats)

46
Q

where is capnocytophaga canimorsus common

A

in dog and cat saliva

47
Q

what can capnocytophaga canimorsus cause

A

sepsis (especially in alcoholics, splenectomy patients or immunocompromised)

48
Q

what type of virus is the rabies virus

A

enveloped RNA virus

49
Q

what does the rabies virus affect

A

CNS in mammals (present in saliva and neural tissue)

50
Q

dumb rabies

A

depression, hiding, wildlife may lose fear of humans, paralysis can occur

51
Q

dumb rabies

A

depression, hiding, wildlife may lose fear of humans, paralysis can occur

52
Q

furious rabies

A

excitement, aggression, may attack objects or other animals

53
Q

what animals does rabies mainly affect

A

racoons, skunks, foxes, bats in canada (also dogs, cats and horses)

54
Q

what type of virus is the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)

A

single stranded enveloped RNA virus

55
Q

how is lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus spread (LCMV)

A

saliva, feces, urine, inhalation

56
Q

what animals is LCMV transmitted by

A

pet rodents (mostly hamsters, animals not clinically ill)

57
Q

what are the 3 main dermatophytes

A

microsporum canis, microsporum gypseum, trichophyton mentagrophytes

58
Q

what animals are dermatophytes present in (ringworm)

A

dogs, cats, ferrets, rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, mice, rats, hedgehogs

59
Q

what are the major ectoparasites

A

fleas, ticks and mites

60
Q

types of fleas

A

ctenocephalides felis and C. canis

61
Q

type of ticks

A

dermacentor variabilis (american dog tick), rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick), ixodes sp. (black-legged deer tick)

62
Q

types of mites

A

sarcoptes and cheyletiella

63
Q

major worms

A

hookworms and roundworms (larva migrans); whipworms and tape worms

64
Q

major protozoa

A

toxoplasmosis and giardia

65
Q

carriers of toxoplasma gondii

A

cats (intracellular protozoa)

66
Q

how is giardia transmitted

A

fecal-oral transmission; can be shed by both ill and healthy pets

67
Q

which assemblages of giardia are zoonotic

A

A1, A2 and B

68
Q

important roundworms

A

toxocara canis and toxocara cati

69
Q

important roundworms

A

toxocara canis and toxocara cati

70
Q

important hookworms

A

ancylostoma caninum and uncinaria stenocephala

71
Q

movements of larva around the body include

A

cutaneous, visceral (liver, CNS), ocular

72
Q

what are some emerging public health issues

A

antimicrobial resistance, alternative diets, vulnerable populations, therapy/service animals, backyard/pet poultry

73
Q

what age of animal does campylobacter cause disease in

A

younger

74
Q

what are some agents/diseases that ticks can trasmit

A

rickettsia, tularemia, coxiella, burgdorferi

Veterinary Public Health (9 decks)

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