Communication for Various Purposes Flashcards
Language Register:
1. Most formal
2. Fixed constant language
3. No feedback
Frozen
Language Register:
1. Formal English
2. Official ceremony settings
3. No emotion
formal register
Language Register:
- Solicits aid, support, intervention
- One person has the expertise
Consultative
Language Register:
- Language is relaxed
- Uses slang, jargons, contractions
informal (casual)
Language Register:
1. Language is personal
2. Persons share close relationships
Informal (intimate)
Language Register:
1. Language is not formal or informal but positive or negative.
2. Sticks to facts
3. Non-emotional topics
Neutral
speak a lot more than the words we utter. Be mindful of how your facial muscles stretch when you talk to somebody or an audience.
Facial expressions
These are movements using parts of your body to send a message for the other person. These body movements are louder than spoken words.
Gestures and body stances
They are an important factor to consider when you are communicating. They are the reason you send your messages.
audience
- is sharing something about anything under the sun (factual, accurate and unbiased)
- may use definition, comparison and contrast, narration, or present a ”how to” of something
- Should not be opinionated nor persuasive
Informative Communication
- This is the process of convincing people to change their attitude towards an issue and believe your ideas
- It is an effective way to influence how a person thinks and behaves
persuasion
Three modes of persuasion according to Aristotle
- Logos
- Pathos
- Ethos
Three modes of persuasion according to Aristotle:
This refers to content and discussion
* Ex: An iphone advertisement that highlights the latest feature
and specs
Logos
Three modes of persuasion according to Aristotle:
This refers to the emotional influence of the speaker to the audience
* Ex.: Faces of dogs asking to give them the food that you are
eating
pathos
Three modes of persuasion according to Aristotle:
This refers to the personal character of the speaker
* Ex.: Advertisements where doctors recommend products.
ethos
choosing a stand on a controversial issue and attack or argue against the position or perspective of the other person (do not attack the person, just the position or perspective)
Argumentative Communication
3 types of speech according to purpose
- Speech to inform
- Speech to entertain
- Speech to persuade
Type of speech:
Educate or expose your audience to things or information they are not aware of but need to know more about.
Speech to inform
Type of speech: It gives the audience an enjoyable and relaxing experience, may use humorous stories and anecdotes relevant to the occasion, may also visual aids
speech to entertain
Type of speech:
Aims to influence the thinking or behavior of the audience. This is the most challenging to write and deliver because you need to deliver it in an acceptable manner that they may not feel threatened or forced.
Speech to persuade
- The most formal register.
- The language is fixed or constant.
- Does not change overtime.
- Does not require feedback.
- E.g, Formal ceremonies, national anthem, prose or poetry, religious services
Frozen register
- This is used in formal and ceremonial settings.
- Language requires formal English (standard variety)
- Well-documented agreed upon vocabulary
- Written without emotion.
- Eg., Professional writing, Essays, reports, business correspondence, interview, court proceedings, business meeting
formal register
- Language used is specifically to solicit aid, support or intervention
- In the setting, one person is deemed expert, and the other person is the receiver of such expertise.
- E.g., Superior and subordinate conversation, client and doctor consultation, teacher and student conversation, employer and employee conversation
consultative register
- Language is laid-back and conversational; it is focused in gaining information.
- Language uses slang, jargon and contractions
- E.g., writing to friends, family conversations, personal e-mails, phone texts, short notes, friendly letters, most blog, diary and journals
Informal register (casual)
- The setting is between persons who share close relationships or bonds
- Language is casual and personal
- Uses terms of endearment, slang or terms understandable to only one person
- E.g, lovers, best friends formulating slangs based on some shared experience
Informal register (intimate)
- Language is neither formal or informal nor usually positive or negative; it sticks to facts and deals with non-emotional topics and information.
- E.g., Technical writing, reviews, articles, some letters, some essays
Neutral register
This technique involves using exaggerated facial muscles to show strong emotions
Intensify
This technique involves controlling your feelings because you might hurt someone, or you do not want people to notice how you feel
De-intensify
This technique involves not showing any feelings while talking to somebody
Neutralize
This technique involves wanting to convince somebody to do something; when we ask a favor from that person; or when we do not want to hurt his feelings
Mask
