Communication Flashcards
Why is communication Important?
- Good communication skills are critical in sport and exercise settings.
- E.G. for fitness instructors, sport coaches, PE teachers, etc.
- It’s not about what you know, but how well you can communicate information to others.
- Not only do good communication skills contribute to performance enhancement, but they also play a key role in achieving the personal growth of sport and exercise participants.
What is the Problem with Ineffective Communication
Breakdowns in communication often happen when people expect others to be mind readers.
* We may communicate in shorthand, assuming that will effectively convey our thoughts or feelings.
* Ineffective communication can lead to:
* Intrapersonal problems (e.g. lower confidence and motivation)
* Interpersonal issues (decreased team cohesion and lack of trust in team members)
* Decreased team and individual performance.
what is communication?
- Communication is a complex process best understood through a social-ecological perspective.
- This considers:
- the individuals involved (e.g., an exercise leader and client)
- the environmental context in which they are located (e.g., underserved community vs. wealthy suburb)
- the interaction of these categories of variables
(Cherubini, 2019) - Communication is dynamic, complex, interpersonal, and reciprocal.
- This is consistent with the person-by-situation model.
- To understand the communication actions and motives of sport and exercise participants, it is important to understand the person, the situation and the interaction between the two.
What is the Process of Communication?
One person decides to send a message to another
The sender translates (encodes) thoughts into a message
The message is channelled to the receiver (verbally or nonverbally)
The receiver interprets (decodes) the message
The receiver thinks about the message and responds internally
(E.G. they may become interested, frustrated, relieved, etc.)
what are the purposes of communication?
Persuasion
E.G. to follow an exercise plan
Evaluation
E.G. on a person’s performance
Information
E.G. on how to perform a skill
Motivation
E.G. to psych up a team member
Problem solving
E.G. to deal with conflict
What are the types of communication?
Intrapersonal communication: Self-talk, the communication we have with ourselves - intrapersonal communication or internal dialogue affects motivation and behaviour.
Interpersonal communication: at least two people in a meaningful exchange
Nonverbal communication: nonverbal cues including physical appearance, posture, gestures, body position, touching, facial expressions, and voice characteristics
What is the power of non verbal communication?
- The ability to accurately read nonverbal behaviour is displayed by skilled athletes, recreational athletes, and even children.
- This suggests that the ability to read nonverbal behaviour may have an evolutionary basis and is not solely the result of learning.
- Need-indifferent coach communication (e.g., being unresponsive to athletes’ opinions, being indifferent to how athletes feel) was related to athletes experiencing irrelevant thoughts, disengagement, and frustration (Bhavsar et al., 2019).
So doing nothing can have important consequences.
What is the importance of verbal messages?
- Make verbal messages clear and concise to ensure they are correctly interpreted.
- Pick the right time and place to deliver verbal messages.
- The content of the message should be well thought out and consider the audience.
- Breakdowns happen when messages are sent ineffectively, are not received, or are misinterpreted.
- Effective communication should enhance trust with the person receiving the message to ensure verbal messages are appropriately interpreted.
What are types of nonverbal messages?
Physical appearance
Posture
Gestures
Body position and personal space
Touching
Facial expression
Voice characteristics
what are the Recommendations for Improving Communication?
Identify your own communication style.
Always acknowledge greetings of others.
Be empathetic or sensitive to the feelings of others.
Explain why you are doing what you are doing.
Clearly convey your expectations.
Use a positive approach when communicating.
Be clear and concise in your communication.
Help your students, athletes, or clients learn to listen.
Encourage questions to check the accuracy of your communications.
Focus on listening to others.
Whenever possible, keep confrontations private.
Be open and honest in your communications.
Work to be aware of your nonverbal communications.
why Ask Questions Vs. Telling?
Asking effective questions shifts responsibility for learning from instructor to recipient.
it increases the recipients awareness of understanding of the topic.
When a person develops their own answer to a question, they are more likely to remember the answer and be more motivated.
What is the GROW Model of Communication ?
Goal
Reality
Options
Will
what are the six c’s of communication?
- Clear
- Concise
- Courteous
- Correct
- Complete
- Constructive
how to Receive Messages Effectively?
Active listening
Supportive listening
Aware listening
Empathy and caring
What is empathy?
A persons ability to perceive, recognise, and understand the feelings, and behaviours, intentions and attitudes of others.
Empathy is an important requirement of effective communication
Making the effort to get to know athletes and seeking feedback from them about what they are thinking and feeling are important.
