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Anesthesia&Surgery > Common Surgical Procedures > Flashcards

Common Surgical Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

Tail Docking in Puppies

A

Partial amputation of the tail

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2
Q

Indications for Tail Docking in puppies

A

Usually for aesthetic purposes (breed standards), but could be for traumatic injury

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3
Q

How old does a puppy have to be for a tail docking procedure?

A

3-5 days old

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4
Q

Is anesthesia used in a tail docking procedure on a puppy?

A

No

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5
Q

Tail Amputation in Adults

A

Partial removal of the tail

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6
Q

Indications for tail amputations in adults

A

Usually performed due to injury or chronic disease

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7
Q

Where is the tourniquet placed for a tail amputation?

A

Base of the tail

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8
Q

Dewclaw removal in puppies

A

Amputation of the vestigial 1st digit and claw on the medial aspect of each limb (if present)

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9
Q

Indications for dewclaw removal in puppies

A

Performed for aesthetic purposes, or to prevent potential injury

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10
Q

Dewclaw Removal in Adults

A

Amputation of the vestigial 1st and claw on the medial aspect of each limb (if present)

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10
Q

Indications for dewclaw removal in adults

A

Performed for aesthetic purposes, or to prevent potential injury

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11
Q

Where is the declaw excised in adults?

A

Excuses at the base, through joint not bone

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12
Q

Onychectomy

A

(Declawing)

Removal of the claw and the associated phalanx on each digit(P3)

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13
Q

Indications for onychectomy

A

Elective procedure that usually involves only the front feet to prevent scratching issues

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14
Q

Surgery site for onychectomy is scrubbed but not necessarily ______

A

Clipped

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15
Q

This is not recommended to do before an onychectomy

A

Trim the nails

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16
Q

Where and how long is a tourniquet placed for an onychectomy procedure?

A

Tourniquet is placed distal to the elbow, not proximal, for no longer than 1.5 hours

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17
Q

Why shouldn’t a tourniquet be placed proximal to the elbow?

A

May cause permanent radial nerve damage

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18
Q

What are the 3 techniques for performing an onychectomy?

A

Scalpel
Rescoe nail trimmer
Laser

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19
Q

Why shouldn’t alcohol be used when using the laser technique for an onychectomy?

A

It could cause a fire

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20
Q

When and how long are the feet bandaged for a patient undergoing an onychectomy?

A

Feet are bandaged while the patient is still under anesthesia and should remain in place for 24 hours

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21
Q

This should be avoided post an onychectomy procedure

A

Clay/sand litter should be avoided for 10 days post surgery

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22
Q

When should the sensitivity to the limbs after an onychectomy improve?

A

Should improve within 2 weeks of surgery

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23
Q

Canine Castration is aka

A

Orchidectomy
Orchiectomy
Neuter

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24
Q

Canine Castration

A

Removal of both testicles

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25
Q

Indications for a canine castration

A

Usually performed to prevent unwanted impregnation, roaming, or aggressive behaviors.
Medial indications include prostate disorders, perinanal tumors, perineal hernias, and testicular tumors

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26
Q

How old should the patient be for a canine castration?

A

6 months of age

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27
Q

What should you make sure of before the surgery begins?

A

Be sure that both testicles are present in the scrotum

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28
Q

How should the patient be clipped for a canine castration?

A

From tip of the prepuce to the abdominal/scrotal skin margin, and wide laterally to the inguinal region

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29
Q

What is the difference with positioning a dog and a cat for a neuter?

A

Cat- rear legs pulled cranially

Dog- rear legs stretched caudally

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30
Q

What is the difference with prepping a cat and dog for a neuter?

A

Cat- pluck hair, avoid alcohol (use saline instead)

Dog- shave hair, can use alcohol (avoid shaving scrotum{clip instead}, cause irritation)

31
Q

What is the difference with incision location on a cat and dog for a neuter?

A

Cat- scrotal

Dog- prescrotal

32
Q

What is the difference with closure of the incision on a cat and dog for a neuter?

A

Cat- open

Dog- sutured closed

33
Q

What is performed before the site is scrubbed for a canine castration?

A

A preputial flush

34
Q

What 2 layers get sutured after a canine castration?

A

SQ and Skin

35
Q

What can excessive hemorrhage into the scrotal sac lead to?

A

Can lead to scrotal hematoma which can be severely painful and may necessitate a scrotal ablation

36
Q

Feline Castration

A

Removal of both testicles

37
Q

Indications for feline castration

A

Performed to prevent fighting, roaming, spraying, and to decrease urine odor

38
Q

At what age is a feline castration performed?

A

6 months

Frequently being performed as early as 3 months

39
Q

Celiotomy is aka

A

Laparotomy

40
Q

Celiotomy

A

A surgical incision into the abdominal cavity

41
Q

What is the location of incision for a Celiotomy

A

Ventral midline is the most common

42
Q

Indications for Celiotomy

A 
OHEs
Intestinal biopsies
Cystotomies
C-sections
GI surgeries
Abdominal cryptorchidectomies
Splenectomies
Diaphragmic hernias
Exploratory surgeries
43
Q

How should a patient be clipped for a Celiotomy?

A

Clipped from xiphoid to the pubis

Laterally should extend to the edge of the ribs

44
Q

What kind of pads should be used during a Celiotomy if refractors are necessary?

A

Moistened laparotomy pads

45
Q

In a Celiotomy, closure is performed in these 3 layers

A

Linea alba
Subcutaneous fat
Skin

46
Q

Ovariohysterectomy is aka

A

Spay

47
Q

Ovariohysterectomy

A

Surgical excision of the ovaries and uterus

48
Q

Indications for ovariohysterectomy

A 
Procedure performed to prevent pregnancy
Correct hormonal imbalances 
Prevent and treat uterine infections
Cysts 
Tumors
Correct undesirable behaviors and congenital deformities
49
Q

When is an ovariohysterectomy recommended?

A

Recommended before the first heat cycle in dogs

50
Q

At what age is an ovariohysterectomy usually performed?

A

Between 4 and 6 months of age

51
Q

When should a dog have to wait for an ovariohysterectomy? How long?

A

3-4 months post estrus

6-8 weeks postpartum

52
Q

What tool is used to retrieve the uterine horns?

A

Spay hook

53
Q

Where is the surgical incision made for an ovariohysterectomy ?

A

Ventral midline incision made caudal to the umbilicus

54
Q

Which ovary is easier to remove in an ovariohysterectomy ?

A

Left ovary! More caudal location within the abdomen

55
Q

Pyometra

A

Infection/fluid accumulation within the lumen of the uterus due to endometrial hyperplasia

56
Q

What causes Pyometra?

A

Progesterone production

57
Q

When does Pyometra occur?

A

1-2 months after a heat cycle

58
Q

Because animals are generally compromised pre-operatively in Pyometra cases, what should be done?

A

Fluid and antibiotic therapy should be instituted prior surgery

59
Q

What should not be performed on animals with Pyometra?

A

Cystocentesis

60
Q

Cesarean section

A

Laparotomy performed to remove neonate a from the uterus

61
Q

In what position should an animal be kept for a c-section?

A

Lateral recumbency

62
Q

Why are c-section patients clipped before they are anesthetized?

A

To minimize length under anesthesia

63
Q

Doxapram

A

Respiratory stimulant

64
Q

Cystotomy

A

Incision into the urinary bladder

65
Q

Inductions for a Cystotomy

A

Usually performed to removed stones, repair rupture, removed tumors, or correct congenital defects

66
Q

What is usually done in Cystotomy patients to facilitate urethral flushing/stone removal?

A

Place urinary catheters

67
Q

Lumpectomy

A

Surgical incision of a mass in the skin or SQ tissues

68
Q

Indications for lumpectomy

A

Suspected neoplasia, aesthetics

69
Q

What do we check for in lumpectomy patients?

A

Metastasis

70
Q

Mastectomy

A

Removal of a mammary gland

71
Q

Radical mastectomy

A

Removal of a chain of mammary glands

72
Q

Indications for mastectomy

A

Suspected neoplasia

73
Q

There is a significantly higher chance of a dog developing mamma my cancer if what?

A

If it is spayed AFTER its forts estrus

74
Q

This percentage of mammary tumors are malignant in dogs

A

50%

75
Q

This percentage of mammary tumors are malignant in cats

A

80-90%

Anesthesia&Surgery (13 decks)

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