Common Sense Model of Illness Flashcards
What is self regulation?
Problem solving
What are the 3 steps in self regulating?
1) . Identification of the goal
2) . Selecting a strategy and implement
3) . Strategy achieved goal or not?
What are the 2 different sources of messages that our bodies receive ?
1) . Messages from our body (internal source i.e - we are tired)
2) . Messages from outside (external source - i.e - Diagnosis from doctor)
What 2 basic assumptions should doctors following the Common Sense Model (CSM) assume about their patients ?
Patient has common-sense making them a scientists/problem solver
Patients regulate their experiences, symptoms and changes over time (self-regulation and problem solving)
Draw and describe the CSM?
Diagram..
1). The model says that we receive these health messages, internal and external. We usually have 2 reactions to this…
These are just 2 parallel processes going on at the same time;
A). One at an emotional level (will I have to get an amputation, etc)
B). A more cognitive (our beliefs, thoughts attitudes in our minds)representation of this risk - Representation of Illness risk
One activates beliefs other activates emotions
We want to get involved in some sort of coping procedure;
A). Danger control - To cope with disease - see doctor to see what they can do, change health procedures
B). Fear control- may be fearful and call friend and tell them what has happened to you (may drink or have a bath)
Appraisal - we appraise to see if what we done worked or if our strategy worked which lets us know if we have to take further action or not
All these arrows are due to how all of these boxes are effected by each other
What does Illness representations (illness cognitions,
illness perceptions/illness beliefs/mental
models) mean?
Patient’s common sense beliefs about their illness
According to the CSM what are the 5 components illness perception is organised into and explain these?
Identity - Symptoms experienced by the
person as well as person’s label
for the disease (patient’s own or
doctor’s diagnosis/label)
Consequences - Patient’s perceptions of the possible effects of
the illness on their life. E.g., physical,
emotional, financial, social
Timeline - Patient’s beliefs about how long the illness
will last, whether it’s acute, chronic, or cyclical (comes and goes)
Cause - Perceived cause of illness, e.g., biological
(virus etc), or psychosocial (stress or some
health behaviour such as smoking)
Control/cure - Patient’s beliefs about whether illness can be
cured and the extent to which the outcome of
their illness is controllable (either by
themselves or by powerful others)
What is Abstract and Perceptual?
Abstract - ‘the diagnosis’ - just a word, could be something else
Perceptual - not subjective, concrete, i.e stomach pains are there
What is a social consequence and give an example?
Social consequence - My cold will prevent me from going to the
pub on Friday night, which will prevent
me from seeing my friends
Give an example of a psychosocial cause?
I got a cold because I was very stressed and run down
What is the importance of patient beliefs?
It is very important to try and understand patients beliefs (e.g lady who thinks cancer was waiting for her to get stressed, to attack)
What does the CSM highlight about patients illness conditions and coping?
Patients illness representation/mental model has been shown to predict health behaviours such as medication adherence
The model helps show us why the patient may or may not do as we ask them to do to help them
Their belief about the illness and coping may not be in the same line as a healthcare professionals
Give examples of where patient belief about the illness and coping may not be in the same line as a healthcare professionals?
Asthma - patients regularly believe that when they have no symptoms of asthma that they can stop their medication which isn’t true because asthma is a cyclic condition - this leads to poorly controlled asthma
Why is hypertension usually poorly controlled?
As it is a client asymptomatic condition (no symptoms)
Requires a long-term adoption of a variety of prescribed behaviours (e.g medication taking, weight loss, diet change)
Not adhering to medical regiments is very common so hypertension is poorly controlled
Half of the people whop have it do not know
Half of those who are diagnosed are not in treatment
Only half in treatment are adequately controlled - meaning only 12.5% of patients with hypertension are adequately controlled
In the case of hypertension how did patients describe the identity of the condition?
Patients matched the ABSTRACT label (hypertension) with SYMPTOMS - Even although it is a asymptomatic condition, the label makes patient create symptoms or matches incorrect ones to the label
