Common Diseases

Question 1

Measles-Rubeola

Answer 1

Spread by respiratory droplets

Prodrome: cough, fever, conjunctivitis, rhinitis 1 wk before rash

Maculopapular rash (confluent)

Begins on face spreads to the trunk

Question 2

Measles-Rubeola

Answer 2

Koplik spots

Question 3

Koplik spots

Answer 3

Spots found on buccaneers mucosa

Pathognomonic for Measles-Rubeola

Question 4

Complications of Measles-Rubeola

Answer 4

Otitis media

pneumonia

encephalitis

infection during pregnancy causes fetal defect

Question 5

Measles-Rubeola

Treatment

Answer 5

1. Prevent with live virus vaccine

2. Treat with high dose of vitamin A

Question 6

German Measles Rubella

Answer 6

Spread by respiratory droplets

Prodrome: fever, malaise, headache, URI

Maculopapular rash –> pinpoint

Begins on face, spreads to trunk

Question 7

German Measles Rubella

Complications

Answer 7

Arthralgia

Arthritis

Infection during 1st trimester can cause congenital defect

Question 8

German Measles Rubella

Treatment

Answer 8

Prevention with live vaccine

Question 9

Kawasaki Disease

Answer 9

Acute, multi system vasculitis

Unknown origin

Major cause of acquired heart disease in children

Question 10

Kawasaki disease

S/s

Answer 10

1. Fever of unknown origin greater than 5 days
2. Bilateral conjunctiva infection
3. Oral cavity erythema (strawberry tongue)
4. Cervical lymphadenopathy
5. Polymorphous exanthema w/vesicles or crusts (morphing rash)
6. Peripheral extremity edema and desquamation (skin is falling off)

Question 11

Kawasaki disease

Treatment

Answer 11

IV immune globulin and aspiring

Supportive

Question 12

Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Answer 12

Tick borne, possibly fatal

Rickettsial reckettsil

Onset 6-8 days after tick bit

Acute fever, severe headache, myalgia, vomiting and petechial rash

Question 13

Rocky Mountain spotted fever caused by

Answer 13

Rickettsia reckettsil

Question 14

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Progression of disease

Answer 14

Rash starts on wrists and ankles spreads t palms and soles

Suspect in travelers, different rash than Lymes disease

Question 15

Rocky Mountain Spotty Fever

Treatment

Answer 15

Doxycycline

Question 16

Lyme Disease

Answer 16

Tick borne

Affects many organ systems

Bullseye lesion

Doesn’t come on as fast as Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Question 17

Stages of Lyme and cause

Answer 17

Borrellia burgdorferi

1. Erythema migrans - bullseye lesions, flu symptoms
2. Cardiac and neurological problems
3. Arthritis and chronic neuro problems

Question 18

Lyme disease

Answer 18

Doxycycline and amoxicillin

Question 19

Black widow spider bite

Answer 19

Systemic disease due to neurotoxin

Mild erythema and swelling at site of bite

Systemic symptoms are worse than what skin looks like

Question 20

Black widow spider bite complications (7)

Answer 20

Abdominal pain

Muscle cramping

HTN

N/v

Weakness

Tremors

Potential paralysis

Question 21

Black widow spider bite treatment

Answer 21

Antivenin

Muscle relaxants

Pain control

Question 22

Brown recluse spider bite

Answer 22

Burning, stinging

Possible local ischemia

Like a burn at the site

Question 23

S/s of Brown Recluse spider bite

Answer 23

Fever

Chills

N/v

Weakness

Joint pain

Question 24

Brown recluse spider bite

Answer 24

Supportive care

Cool dressing

Question 25

Adrogenic alopecia

Answer 25

Male pattern hair loss

Usually at temples and at top and back

Ludwig is the female version

Question 26

Androgenic alopecia treatment

Answer 26

Rogaine (topical)

Prospects (oral)

Hair transplant