Common Diseases Flashcards
Measles-Rubeola
Spread by respiratory droplets
Prodrome: cough, fever, conjunctivitis, rhinitis 1 wk before rash
Maculopapular rash (confluent)
Begins on face spreads to the trunk
Measles-Rubeola
Koplik spots
Koplik spots
Spots found on buccaneers mucosa
Pathognomonic for Measles-Rubeola
Complications of Measles-Rubeola
Otitis media
pneumonia
encephalitis
infection during pregnancy causes fetal defect
Measles-Rubeola
Treatment
- Prevent with live virus vaccine
2. Treat with high dose of vitamin A
German Measles Rubella
Spread by respiratory droplets
Prodrome: fever, malaise, headache, URI
Maculopapular rash –> pinpoint
Begins on face, spreads to trunk
German Measles Rubella
Complications
Arthralgia
Arthritis
Infection during 1st trimester can cause congenital defect
German Measles Rubella
Treatment
Prevention with live vaccine
Kawasaki Disease
Acute, multi system vasculitis
Unknown origin
Major cause of acquired heart disease in children
Kawasaki disease
S/s
- Fever of unknown origin greater than 5 days
- Bilateral conjunctiva infection
- Oral cavity erythema (strawberry tongue)
- Cervical lymphadenopathy
- Polymorphous exanthema w/vesicles or crusts (morphing rash)
- Peripheral extremity edema and desquamation (skin is falling off)
Kawasaki disease
Treatment
IV immune globulin and aspiring
Supportive
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Tick borne, possibly fatal
Rickettsial reckettsil
Onset 6-8 days after tick bit
Acute fever, severe headache, myalgia, vomiting and petechial rash
Rocky Mountain spotted fever caused by
Rickettsia reckettsil
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Progression of disease
Rash starts on wrists and ankles spreads t palms and soles
Suspect in travelers, different rash than Lymes disease
Rocky Mountain Spotty Fever
Treatment
Doxycycline
Lyme Disease
Tick borne
Affects many organ systems
Bullseye lesion
Doesn’t come on as fast as Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Stages of Lyme and cause
Borrellia burgdorferi
- Erythema migrans - bullseye lesions, flu symptoms
- Cardiac and neurological problems
- Arthritis and chronic neuro problems
Lyme disease
Doxycycline and amoxicillin
Black widow spider bite
Systemic disease due to neurotoxin
Mild erythema and swelling at site of bite
Systemic symptoms are worse than what skin looks like
Black widow spider bite complications (7)
Abdominal pain
Muscle cramping
HTN
N/v
Weakness
Tremors
Potential paralysis
Black widow spider bite treatment
Antivenin
Muscle relaxants
Pain control
Brown recluse spider bite
Burning, stinging
Possible local ischemia
Like a burn at the site
S/s of Brown Recluse spider bite
Fever
Chills
N/v
Weakness
Joint pain
Brown recluse spider bite
Supportive care
Cool dressing
Adrogenic alopecia
Male pattern hair loss
Usually at temples and at top and back
Ludwig is the female version
Androgenic alopecia treatment
Rogaine (topical)
Prospects (oral)
Hair transplant
