Common Diagnostic Blood Tests

Question 1

White blood cells

Answer 1

Number of WBC

-increase indicate inflammation or infection

Question 2

Red blood cells

Answer 2

Number of RBC

-carry oxygen through body and filter carbon dioxide

Question 3

Hemoglobin (HgB)

Answer 3

Amount of hemoglobin

-protein holds oxygen in blood

Question 4

Hematocrit (Hct)

Answer 4

Percentage of blood composed of red blood cells

Question 5

Mean corpuscular volume (mcv)

Answer 5

Average size of red blood cells

Question 6

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (mch)

Answer 6

Average amount of hemoglobin per red blood cells

Question 7

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)

Answer 7

Average concentration of hemoglobin in RBC

Question 8

Platelets

Answer 8

Number of platelets

-play a role in body’s clotting process

Question 9

Prothrombin time

Answer 9

How long takes blood to clot

Question 10

International normalized ratio (INR)

Answer 10

Effectiveness of anticoagulant in thinning blood

Question 11

Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)

Answer 11

Body ability to form blood clots

Question 12

Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)

Answer 12

Body ability to form blood clots using an activator to speed up clotting process

Question 13

D-dimer

Answer 13

Protein fragments left in blood when clots dissolve

Question 14

Fibrinogen

Answer 14

Levels of fibrinogen

-protein necessary for clotting

Question 15

Thrombin time

Answer 15

Function of thrombin

-an enzyme acts on fibrinogen during clotting process

Question 16

Kidney function test

Answer 16

Components to kidney function

-electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine

Question 17

Liver function test

Answer 17

Components to liver function

-bilirubin levels, ALT, AST

Question 18

Basic metabolic panel (BMP)

Answer 18

Components related to metabolism

-glucose, kidney functions

Question 19

Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP)

Answer 19

BMP plus protein and liver function

Question 20

Lipid profile

Answer 20

Fats in blood

-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein

Question 21

Test for specific infections

Answer 21

Antibodies
-bacterial and viral
—HIV, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr, hepatitis, syphilis

Question 22

Cold aglutinitis

Answer 22

Antibodies attack RBC

-autoimmune or triggered by infection

Question 23

C-reactive protein (CRP)

Answer 23

Protein produced in liver

-amount increase when inflammation is present

Question 24

Erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR)

Answer 24

Rate of RBC sedimentationd

-affected by protein cause by inflammation

Question 25

Pregnancy test

Answer 25

Human chorionic gonadotropin

-hormone produce by placenta