Common Dermatological Conditions

Question 1

What is rhinophyma?

Answer 1

Tissue hypertrophy as a complication of rosacea

Question 2

What is rosacea?

Answer 2

Patchy erythema of the face due to overactive blood vessels in the face which can be triggered by a number of factors including sunlight, alcohol, spicy foods

Question 3

What type of psoriasis is a medical emergency?

Answer 3

Generalised pustular psoriasis

Question 4

What is the most common organism to infect eczematous lesions?

Answer 4

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 5

Briefly outline the pathophysiology of eczema?

Answer 5

Genetic predisposition causes reduced barrier function of the skin upon which triggers like irritants, soap or heat act to cause eczema

Question 5

What is a blackhead?

Answer 5

Open comedone containing oxidised sebum

Question 6

What type of psoriasis is often preceeded by a streptococcal infection?

Answer 6

Guttate psoriasis

Question 8

What is the most common cause of erythroderma?

Answer 8

Eczema

Question 8

What is the pathophysiology of acne?

Answer 8

Abnormal keratinisation of sebaceous duct

Colonisation with bacteria - proprionobacterium acnes

Overproduction of sebum

Inflammation

Question 9

How do you treat rosacea?

Answer 9

Avoid triggers

Laser therapy

Topical/systemic antibiotics if required

Systemic isotretinoin

Question 10

What is erythroderma?

Answer 10

Inflammatory erythema and scaling affecting the whole body

Question 11

How do you treat eczema?

Answer 11

Topical steroids if mild

Systemic steroids if required

Systemic antibiotics if infected

Light therapy

Question 12

What are some clinical features of psoriasis?

Answer 12

Extensor aspect

Silvery scale

Symmetrical

Well demarcated

May be itchy

Question 14

When does lichenification occur?

Answer 14

When eczematous lesions are scratched

Question 14

What is pompholyx?

Answer 14

Vesicular hand and foot eczema

Question 15

When does acne cause scarring?

Answer 15

When inflammation extends into dermis and disrupts dermal structures

Question 17

How do you treat psorisis?

Answer 17

Topical treatments - Steroids, tar, calcipotriol, dithranol, keratinolytics, emollients

Phototherapy

Systemic - immunosuppressors

Question 18

What is roaccutane?

Answer 18

A systemic retinoid called isotretinoin

Question 19

Why is eczema herpeticum a medical emergency?

Answer 19

Because corneal scarring can occur

Question 20

How can you treat acne?

Answer 20

Topical therapies - Antibiotics and/or comedolytics (eg retinoic acid or salicylic acids)

Systemic - systemic antibiotics or retinoids or anti-androgens

Question 21

What are some clinical features of eczema?

Answer 21

Itchy - worse with itching

Erythematous

Diffuse

Flexural - thinnest skin

Worse in winter (dry) and summer (heat)

Question 22

What infections commonly complicate psoriasis?

Answer 22

Yeast infections

Question 23

What is discoid eczema?

Answer 23

Circular disc pattern that mimic psoriasis and yeast infection

Responses to topical steroids

Question 24

What is asteatotic eczema?

Answer 24

Eczema characterised by pruritic, dry, cracked, and polygonally fissured skin with irregular scaling. It most commonly occurs on the shins of elderly patients, but it may occur on the hands and the trunk.

(medscape)

Question 25

What is eczema herpeticum?

Answer 25

Eczema with a secondary herpes infection

Question 26

What type of joint pathologies can occur in psoriasis?

Answer 26

Oligoarthritis

Distal symetrical polyarthritis

Ankylosing spondyling

Rheumatoid like

Arthritis mutilans

Question 27

What are the two types of rosacea? How are they different?

Answer 27

Vascular - Flashing, erythema

Inflammatory - papules, pustules