COMM 2400 Discourse, Identity, Culture Flashcards

1
Q

Face

A

the view of self each person seeks to uphold in an interaction

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2
Q

Master Identity

A

the relatively stabel parts of one’s identity, the most fixed.

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3
Q

examples of master identity

A

race, gender, ability, religion, origin.

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4
Q

personal identity

A

references to “personality” or aspects of the self’s character

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5
Q

examples of personal identity

A

tolerant/bigoted, serious, fun loving, playful

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6
Q

interactional identity

A

specific roles people take on in a situation in relation to other’s within that situation

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7
Q

examples of interactional identity

A

mother, child, boss

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8
Q

facework

A

the work we do to the time to project a desired identity

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9
Q

examples of facework

A

a physician uses the word “marijuana” instead of “pot” when talking to a supervisor about drug use and cognition

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10
Q

face threats

A

a challenge to a person’s face or desired identity that they care about in a particular situation

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11
Q

rhetorical perspective

A

more focused on how communicative action can be strategically used for a purpose
GOAL ORIENTED TOWARDS DISCOURSE FIRST, CULTURE SECOND

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12
Q

Cultural perspective

A

Culture effect, possibly determines, communication in an interaction
ORIENTED TOWARDS CULTURE FIRST, DISCOURSE SECOND

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13
Q

Directives

A

utterances that attempt to get another person to do something

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14
Q

representatives

A

utterances that report or state the affairs of a situation in the world or a situation in a particular instance

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15
Q

commissives

A

commit a speaker to a future course of action

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16
Q

expressives

A

display or reveal a speakers feelings

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17
Q

declaritives

A

transform people into situations from one type to another

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18
Q

speech acts

A

an utterance considered as an action, particularly with regard with regard to its intention, purpose, or effect

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19
Q

advising

A

directive telling someone what to do, also asking someone to tell you what to do

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20
Q

reproaching

A

a speech act that questions the goodness/judgement/ decision making/ of someone’s actions

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21
Q

Accounts or accounting

A

speech acts designated to mend-social trouble

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22
Q

disclaimers

A

verbal devices that deflect the self from the percieved or socially assigned negative preception of talk or an action

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23
Q

gossiping

A

talk about absent parties

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24
Q

Turn Constructional Units (TCUs)

A

Cue a turn by:
Social cues and knowledge of the world
Cued by a speaker through into intonation, grammar, gestures, gaze

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25
Transition Relevence Place (TRPs)
indicate appropriate speaker changes in an interaction
26
Interactional meaning
the meaning of a situation for the participants in it 1) the meanings intended by the first person speaking 2) the meanings assigned by the conversational partner
27
frame
what is going on in a particular situation; the label people would give a communicative event
28
Altercasting
the work a person's talk does to maintain, support or challenge other's identity
29
social constructions
terms or categories that have been invented and that change over time
30
member categorization devices (MCD's)
collections of categories for refering to people and how to apply them
31
paralinguistic markers
nonverbal qualities of talk such as intonation pronunciation and so fourth
32
baseline
a person's typical way of speaking
33
controlled enunciation
a style of speaking with pauses between words
34
emotion labor
the work to display a particular emotion that is required as a part of an occupation
35
uptalk
quality of speech in which innotation rises at the end of utterances
36
breathiness
a quality of speech that is low and aspirated
37
dialect
a characteristic way of speaking a language that involves grammar and accent
38
jargon
specialized vocabulary associated with particular occupations or groups
39
accent
particular ways of pronouncing words or patterns of intonation in language use
40
covert prestige
a positive association obtained by a devalued nonstandard dialect such as an image of toughness
41
communication accomadation theory
theory that poeple will converge speaking style to math those they align with and to diverge form those from who they differentiate themselves or diverge from those from who m they differetiate themselves or disalign with
42
code switching
fluently and grammatically going back and fourth between two languages or two markedly distinct dialects
43
Official English Movement
In the English speaking countries but especially the United States, people who work to get laws passes that declare English the official language and limit government or workplace uses of other languages
44
conversation floor
place and space for talk
45
adjacency pair
sets of speech acts that usually go together
46
Choral talk
when several people speak at once, as when calling greeting ro saying good-bye or laughing (generally not seen as interruption)
47
locally managed turn system
refers to how taking turn at talk is negotiated moment to moment
48
pre- allocated turn system
at the other end of the continuum from locally managed turn taking, this form sets rules about who can talk and when
49
fishing comment
an indirect information seeking act
50
mitigation markers
used to soften or add uncertainty to talk make an utterance more indirect
51
euphamisms
indirect terms for words or topics that are taboo
52
small talk
friendly chatting that occurs beteen people about ordinary everyday topics
53
narratives
stories; generally multirun utterance regarding a past event that is newsworthy and involves an evalutaton
54
jointness
the quality of a narrative's joint construction. Can be minimal ( one person's display of listening allows the story to be told) or may involve people telling a story together
55
reported speech
also constructed dialogue; quoteing another's words, either by paraphrasing (indirect), or by approximating or presenting something as though said exactly (direct)
56
phronesis
wise communication
57
crossing
using a short segment of a language, dialect or style associated with another speech community with which hone is not ordinarily associated
58
Marked Forms
forms of talk that are elaborated in some way and indicate what the speaker sees as atypical or not the norm
59
unmarked forms
forms of talk that are bare and indicate what the speaker sees as typical or the norm
60
response cries
expression or emission of some emotion , feeling or reaction that can be vocal, verbal, or non verbal and that are usually taken to be natural or spontaneous
61
slang
particular terms or ways of speaking associated with social groups but not shared by all member of a speech community
62
standard dialect
a way of speaking a language that is considered the norm
63
marital names
(Traditional, modern and integrative approach) | Each displays interpersonal ideologies.
64
pronouns
- both chose and 'given' by others - we 'gender' people everyday without thinking twice - pronouns express norms and norms change
65
forms of address
- proper names - kinship names - titles - nicknames or terms of endearment - second person pronouns
66
Remedial interchanges
emphasizes or does face work to communicate a feeling
67
constituative model of communiation
views reality as socially constructed through communication - -our communication constructs identities and relations - -we socially construct identity and relations through communication