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2017 Spring Semester > Comfort, Sleep, and Pain > Flashcards

Comfort, Sleep, and Pain Flashcards

1
Q

acute pain

A

(Protective)

Short duration, limited damage, and emotional response.

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2
Q

chronic pain

A

Not protective, dramatic effect on a persons quality of life. (Prolonged) , varies in intensity, usually 6 months or longer.

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3
Q

Identify the physiological factors that influence pain

A

age, fatigue, genes, neurological function

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4
Q

Identify social factors that can influence pain

A

Attention
Previous experiences
Family and social support
Spiritual factors

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5
Q

Identify psychological factors that influence pain

A
  • anxiety

- coping style

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6
Q

Identify cultural factors that can influence pain

A
  • pain expression

- how one adapts to it

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7
Q

Common characteristics of pain and how that nurse would assess

A
  • timing (onset, duration, and pattern) how often? Does it occur at the same time each day)
  • location (describe all area of discomfort to assess pain location.)
  • severity (most subjective and most useful. painscale.
    4. Aggravating and precipitating factors: factors that aggravate pain. Describe activities that do so.
  • relief (ask the patient what helps them relieve pain (pacing, rocking, rubbing, eating, meds)
  • quality- the way patients describe their pain
  • vocilizations
  • facial expressions
  • body movement
  • social interaction
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8
Q

Relaxation

A

Mental and physical freedom from tension of stress (self control) ex: yoga, meditation, zen)

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9
Q

Distraction

A

Excessive sensory input (became unaware of pain)

*singing, praying, playing games)

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10
Q

Music

A

Useful in treating acute or chronic pain, stress, anxiety and depression

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11
Q

Cutaneous stimulation

A

Massage, warm bath, cold application, reduces pain.

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12
Q

Herbals

A

Herbals/dietary supplements

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13
Q

Reducing pain perception

A

Ex: patient is constipated, administer laxative.

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14
Q

Barriers to pain management

A

Patient, health care provider, and health care system

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15
Q

Patient

A

Fear of addiction, worry about side effects, fear of tolerance, fear of injections

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16
Q

Health care provider

A

Inadequate pain assessment, skills, opiophobia, (fear of opioids), fear of legal repercussions

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17
Q

Health care system

A

Concern with creating “addicts’, difficulty in filling prescriptions, lack of money, mail-order, pharmacy restrictions

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18
Q

Sleep

A

Cyclical process that alternates with longer periods of wakefulness.

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19
Q

Circadian rhythm

A

Influences the pattern of major biological and behavioral functions

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20
Q

Biological clock

A

Synchronizes sleep cycle

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21
Q

NREM

A

Sleep that progresses through four stages (light to deep)

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22
Q

REM

A

Rapid eye movement phase at the end of each sleep cycle.

23
Q

dreams

A

More vivid and elaborate during R.E.M. Sleep and are functionally important to learning

24
Q

Nocturia

A

Urination during the night cycle, which disrupts sleep.

25
Q

Hypersomnoleence

A

Dysfunction of mechanism that regulate sleep and wake up states (excessive daytime sleeepiness)

26
Q

Polysomnogram

A

Involves the use of EEG, EMG, and EOG to monitor stages of sleep.

27
Q

Insomnia

A

Most common sleep complaint, signaling and underling physical or psychological disorder,

28
Q

Sleep hygiene

A

Inadequecies in either the quantity or quality off sleep,

29
Q

Sleep apnea

A

Characterized by the lack of airflow through the nose and mouth for 10 seconds or longer during sleep.

30
Q

Excessive daytime sleepiness

A

Results in impaired waking function, poor work performance, accidents, and emotional problems

31
Q

Narcolepsy

A

Practices that the patient associates with sleep

32
Q

Cataplexy

A

Sudden muscle weakness during intense emotions at any time during the day.

33
Q

Sleep deprivation

A

Problem patient experiences as a result of dysomnia

34
Q

Parasomnias

A

More common in children, an example is SIDS.

35
Q

Drugs and illicit substance (how they alter sleep)

A

-alter sleep and weaken day time alertness (older people-take a lot of drugs and cant sleep).

36
Q

Lifestyle

A

Daily routine influences sleep (ex:rotating shifts, difficulty adjusting to altered schedule)

37
Q

Usual sleep patterns

A

Sleep deprived and sleepy during day (US) sleep schedule.

38
Q

Emotional stress

A

Worrying disturbs sleep (death- no sleep)

39
Q

Environment

A

Different environments are hard to sleep in

40
Q

Excersise and fatigue

A

Moderately fatigued (restful sleep)

41
Q

Food and calorie intake

A

Good eating habits (restful sleep)

42
Q

Environmental controls HEALTH PROMOTION

A

Instruct patients to place infant on firm mattress (do not load crib with blankets)

43
Q

Promoting bedtime routines

A

Rock or hold newborn before sleep

44
Q

Promoting safety

A

Small night light, lower bed, less clutter

45
Q

Promoting comfort

A

Soft clothes, lose fitting wear.

46
Q

Establishing periods of rest and sleep

A

Physically active, void regularly

47
Q

Stress reduction

A

Relaxing activity, comfort children

48
Q

Bedtime snacks

A

warm milk

49
Q

Pharmacological approaches

A

herbal products

50
Q

Environmental controls that promotes sleep

A

close curtains, dim lights

51
Q

Promoting comfort

A

Clean and dry, supportive dressings or splints

52
Q

Establishing periods of rest and sleep

A

Avoid waking patient up if vital signs are normal

53
Q

Promoting safety

A

CPAP, monitor patients airway

54
Q

Stress reduction

A

Give patient control and provide info.

2017 Spring Semester (13 decks)

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