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perception > colour perception > Flashcards

colour perception Flashcards

1
Q

Is light a physical property of psychophysical property?

A

psychophysical

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2
Q

what part of the electromagnetic spectrum do we see?

A

400 and 700 nm

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3
Q

what are the three basic principles of colour perception?

A

detection, discrimination and appearance

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4
Q

what is detection for colour perception?

A

wavelengths of light must be detected

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5
Q

what is discrimination for colour perception?

A

able to tell the difference between one wavelength and another

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6
Q

what is appearance for colour perception?

A

want to assign colour to lights and surfaces and have those be stable over time

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7
Q

what is phototopic detection?

A

light intensities that are bright enough to stimulate the cone receptors and bright enough to saturate rods

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8
Q

what is scotopic detection?

A

light intensities that are bright enough to stimulate the rod receptors but to dim for cone

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9
Q

what are the 3 types of cone photoreceptors?

A

s-cones
m cones
l cones

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10
Q

what is the problem of univariance?

A

an infinite set of different wavelength-intensity combinations can elicit exactly the same response from a single photoreceptor

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11
Q

how are rods impacted by univariance?

A

they contain the same photopigment molecule and have the same sensitivity

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12
Q

what is the molecule in rods?

A

rhodopsin

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13
Q

under scoptopic conditions what are active?

A

only rods

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14
Q

under photopic conditions what is active?

A

all three cone types

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15
Q

what is trichomacy?

A

the theory that the colour of any light is defined in our visual system by the relationships of three numbers, the outputs of three receptor types now known to be the cones

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16
Q

what is the trichomatic theory also known as?

A

the Young-Helmhotz theory

17
Q

what are metamers?

A

different mixtures of wavelengths that look identical

18
Q

what cells are in the lateral geniculate nucleus?

A

cells that are maximally stimulated by spots of light and receptive fields

19
Q

what is a cone opponent cell?

A

a neuron whose output is based on a difference between sets of cones

20
Q

what is the colour space?

A

a 3D space that describes all colours

21
Q

what is the RGB colour space?

A

defined by the outputs of long, medium and short wavelength lights

22
Q

what is the HSB colour space?

A

defined by hue, saturation and brightness

23
Q

what is opponent colour theory?

A

the theory that perception of colour is based on the output of three mechanisms; each of them based on an opponency between two colours

24
Q

what are LGN cells excited by?

A

l cone onset in centre, inhibited by m cone onsets in their surround

25
Q

what are other cells excited by?

A

s cone onset in centre, inhibited by l and m in their surround

26
Q

what is an afterimage?

A

a visual image seen after a stimulus has been removed

27
Q

what is a negative afterimage?

A

an afterimage whose polarity is the opposite of the original stimulus

28
Q

what are the types of colourblindess?

A

deuteranope - m cones
protanope - l cones
tritanope - s cones

29
Q

what is colour anomalous colour blind?

A

have two types of cones which are so similar they can discriminate

30
Q

what is cone monochromat?

A

only one cone type

31
Q

what is rod monochromat?

A

no cones of any type

32
Q

what is colour contrast?

A

a colour perception effect in which the colour of one region induces the opponent colour in a neighbouring region

33
Q

what is colour assimilation?

A

a colour perception effect in which two colours bleed into eachother, each taking on some of the chromatic quality of the other

34
Q

what is colour constancy?

A

the tendency of a surface to appear the same colour under a fairly wide range of illuminants

35
Q

how do we achieve colour constancy?

A

must discount the illuminant and determine what the true colour of a surface is

36
Q

what is an illuminant?

A

the light that illuminates a surface

perception (12 decks)

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