brain mapping

Question 1

what is phrenology?

Answer 1

the idea that mental functions are localised to different areas of the brain

Question 2

is phrenology valid?

Answer 2

no it has been shown to be untrue

Question 3

what is the cytoachitectonic map?

Answer 3

brodman defined cortical regions by looking at the structure and organisation of the cell, drew boundaries around areas where this was uniform

Question 4

what is functional mapping?

Answer 4

zeki used microelectrodes to record the responses of single cells and then drew boundaries around regions where the cells responded to common properties

Question 5

what are functional blocks?

Answer 5

blasdell used dyes that changed in intensity in proportion with the underlying neural activity, allowing them to photograph responses to different orientations of lines

Question 6

what did functional lead to?

Answer 6

spatiotopic mapping

Question 7

what is spatiotopic mapping?

Answer 7

within a hyper column the cells all receive info from the same area, the neighbouring hyper column received info from the neighbouring region in the visual field

Question 8

what does retinotopic mapping allow?

Answer 8

us to look at the cortical magnification factor

Question 9

what is cortical magnification?

Answer 9

the area of cortex that is stimulated by a target of a specified visual angle

Question 10

how do forward pathways move?

Answer 10

from the LGNd to higher cortical areas which shows connections from superficial layers of cortex to lower

Question 11

how do feedback pathways move?

Answer 11

moving back down hierarchy signals that originate in superficial and deep layers and terminate in them

Question 12

what does the dorsal pathway focus on?

Answer 12

where

Question 13

what does the ventral pathway focus on?

Answer 13

what

Question 14

what is the pulivnar?

Answer 14

a thalamic structure that responds to motion and selection of salient stimuli

Question 15

what does the superior colliculus do?

Answer 15

in the midbrain, control of eye movements

Question 16

what does the pretectum of the midbrain do?

Answer 16

for control of the pupillary light reflect

Question 17

what does the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus do?

Answer 17

for control of diurnal rhythms and hormonal levels

Question 18

what is blindsight type 1?

Answer 18

the ability, of subjects with clinically blind field defects to detect, localise and discriminate visual stimuli of which they say they are unaware

Question 19

what is blindsight type 2?

Answer 19

of which they might be aware but not in the sense of experiencing a visual percept

Question 20

what do we need V1 for?

Answer 20

to have conscious visual

Question 21

if V1 is missing what does the brain do?

Answer 21

residual pathways to other areas can support the use of visual info

Question 22

what is signal detection theory?

Answer 22

the difference between the strength of perceptual evidence when no single is presented and the strength when a signal is presented, depends on the physical intensity of the signal and the participants perceptual sensitivity but not on the participants decision criterion