Colorectal Cancer Terminology Flashcards

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1
Q

Anastomosis

A

Occurs when two pieces of the GI tract that were previously separated are surgically reconnected

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2
Q

Anesthesia

A

The medication used to sedate the patient and keep the patient medically stable throughout surgery

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3
Q

APR

A

Abdominoperineal resection

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4
Q

Biopsy

A

A procedure that takes a sample of tissue for investigation; the tissue is looked at under a microscope to determine whether there is an underlying disease; this is often how cancer is identified; biopsies are often taken before and during surgery

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5
Q

Chemo brain

A

A term used for the “brain fogginess” often experienced as a side effect of being treated with chemotherapy

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6
Q

Chemotherapy

A

A term used for treatment with drugs that are dedicated to fighting cancer; may be used alone or in combination with radiation and/or surgery

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7
Q

Colonoscopy

A

An invasive procedure in which a scope is used to take images and possibly biopsies of a patient’s colon and terminal ileum

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8
Q

CRC

A

Colorectal cancer

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9
Q

Dentate

A

The point at which the anus becomes the rectum, indicated by a change in epithelial cell type

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10
Q

EBRT

A

External beam radiation therapy

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11
Q

Flexed sigmoidoscopy

A

A type of limited colonoscopy in which the physician examines up to the first portion of the patient’s colon using a scope

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12
Q

GIST

A

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor

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13
Q

INR

A

A test to evaluate how fast the patient clots a bleed. This is often ordered prior to surgery. The higher the number, the longer it takes for blood to clot

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14
Q

LAR

A

Low anterior resection

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15
Q

Lymph node

A

Lymphatic tissue located throughout the body that helps clean the blood and fight infection

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16
Q

Lysis of adhesions (LOA)

A

A surgical procedure performed to break down adhesions which may have been formed as a result of inflammation or prior surgery

17
Q

Monoclonal antibodies

A

A term used for a class of medication that is very specific for a type of protein present in the disease

18
Q

Radiation therapy (XRT)

A

A procedure in which the patient is exposed to high energy beams

19
Q

SRCC

A

Signet-ring cell carcinoma

20
Q

Stoma

A

The surgical opening where part of the colon is diverted through the abdominal wall; performed if there is too much inflammation for the surgeon to form an anastomosis with the distal colon; patients with stomas will have a colostomy bag

21
Q

TEM

A

Transanal endoscopic microsurgery

22
Q

Type and cross

A

A test to determine the blood type