Cold War (Reaction to Crisis) Flashcards
What were some impacts of the Berlin Wall?
- After the Berlin Wall went up in 1961,
Western (British, US and French)
troops remained in Berlin. - The Wall solved the refugee problem,
as East Germans could no longer
travel to West Germany - The Wall was a humiliation for the Soviet Union and a propaganda victory for the West, as it suggested that East Germans preferred living in capitalist West Germany
What was West Berlin a symbol of and why?
Freedom, as over 200 people lost their
lives trying to cross the Wall.
When did Kennedy visit West Berlin and why was it important?
In 1963, as the fact that Kennedy decided to deliver a speech in person demonstrated how the US and NATO were prepared to defend West Berlin from Communist attack
How was the Berlin wall significant in relation to the Iron Curtain?
The construction of the Berlin Wall filled the last remaining gap in the Iron Curtain
and meant that Europe was now completely divided.
What three things were on either side of the Iron Curtain?
- Two Germanys
- Two different ideologies
- Two different military alliances
What did the Cuban missile Crisis show and what did it trigger?
The Cuban Missile Crisis showed how easily
a nuclear war could start, and the USA issued a move to détente
What did the Hotline Agreement create? (long term impact of Cuban missile crisis)
The Hotline Agreement created a direct
communication link between Washington
and Moscow
What was the Limited Test Ban Treaty?
(long term impact of Cuban missile crisis)
A treaty where both sides agreed to ban
all nuclear weapon testing except for
underground tests.
When was the Limited Test Ban Treaty signed?
In August 1963
What was the Soviet Union determined to do? (long term impact of Cuban missile crisis)
to catch up with USA in the
arms race and achieved this by 1965.
This meant Mutually Assured Destruction
(MAD). War would be so terrible that it
must be avoided at all costs.
What was the Outer Space Treaty in 1967?
(long term impact of Cuban missile crisis)
it limited the deployment of nuclear weapons in space
What was the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty in 1968? (long term impact of Cuban missile crisis)
a treaty which prevented nuclear
weapons being given to other countries.
What were the impacts on the West for the reaction of the Soviet measures in Czechoslovakia?
- USA and West Germany
offered no military support or assistance. The United States was already bogged down in the Vietnam War - Communist leaders were appalled by the invasion, France and Italy therefore began to end their links with the Soviet Union
What were the impacts on the East for the reaction of the Soviet measures in Czechoslovakia?
- The invasion strengthened Soviet
control over the Eastern bloc as they
could use military force to ensure
their dominance. - Yet the crisis also exposed differences
in the Eastern bloc. Both Romania and Yugoslavia condemned the invasion
What were the impact of the invasion of Czechoslovakia on Superpower relations?
- He believed that any Soviet military intervention in areas that contained pro-Soviet governments would not be
challenged by the United States. - This view proved to be mistaken following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979.
