Cold War Flashcards
Year and attendees of Tehran
1943- Stalin, Churchill, Roosevelt
Year, results of Yalta (4)
1945- Stalin, Churchill, Roosevelt- decided to occupy Germany, Poland became non-communist, liberated eastern Europe, and U.N.
Potsdam, year, attendees, results
1945, Truman, Stalin, Churchill (Attlee)- Trueman issues orders to drop atomic bombs, Stalin rejects voting rights.
Paris Accord
An Agreement Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam
Helsinki Conference (1975)
Ended WW2, officially accept the Soviet boundaries, Soviets accept more human rights
Manhattan Project
America building an atomic bomb
Truman Doctrine (4)
1947, Policy of containment, U.S. aid to Greece and Turkey, Britain could no longer help financially, U.S. pledge to help any nation fighting communism
The Big Three
Soviet Union, US, Britain
Reasons for creating NATO
Response to crisis, Collective security organization- democracies in Europe, US, Canada to prevent Soviet expansion
Marshall Plan (3)
US sent aid to European war recovery, Prevent communism in devastated areas, caused an economic miracle
Suez Canal nationalized
Egyptian army officer nationalizes Suez Canal Company, British and French mad- so invade Egypt, forced to withdraw
Creation of Israel
look up
Decolonization of Africa
Desire for self rule, Europeans tired of war in colonial areas
India independence
Gandhi organized movements against British, Constitution, Labour party ready to give up rule, India became financial burden- Muslim Palestine and Hindu India
Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong led communist forces in China through a long revolution, ruled the nation’s communist government from its establishment in 1949. Mao is considered one of the most significant communist figures of the Cold War.
Prague Spring
Crucial event in Brezhnev era
Krhushchev’s basic goal of ruling
Communism without fear
Who denounced Stalin’s crimes in a “closed session”?
Khrushchev
Gosplan under Khrushchev
shift from heavy industry and military towards consumer goods and agriculture
Two reasons for fall of Khrushchev
- Dislike of his foreign policy
- Seen as weak
Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
1963- US USSR Britain, stop atmospheric testing of weapons
Agreement reached between Khrushchev and Kennedy after Cuban Missile Crisis
Khrushchev will remove missiles (advisers see as weak)
Kennedy will remove missiles from Turkey and never invade Cuba
Brezhnev’s revolution (4)
Growth of urban population
#of highly trained specialist increased
Rebuilding industry and practical values
Education helped strengthen public opinion
Brezhnev Doctrine
declared that the USSR could intervene in the affairs of any Eastern European nation if communist rule was threatened.
Great Russians
Nationalistic, lived in central Russia, Communist leaders
Brezhnev rule
Re-stalinization, dictatorship replaced terror though
Gorbachev 2 actions in power
Better relationship with west, consolidated power and destroyed corruption and incompetence
Perestroika
Easing price controls, independence for corporations, caused an awkward free enterprise\planned economy = dissatisfaction
Glasnot
Transparent government, freedom of press leads to cultural revolution
Gorbachev’s Democratization
- Free elections
- Practical, open discussions, new political culture
- Led to demands for autonomy in non -Russia USSR
Gorbachev’s Foreign affairs
Removed troops from Afghanistan
Eliminated arms race with US
Pledged to respect Eastern political decisions
Yeltsin (3)
Breakneck liberalization, freed prices on 90% of goods, privatization of industry
Results of Yeltsin (3)
Prices skyrocketed, production fell, inflation raged
Putin (3)
Maintained free markets, re-established semi-authoritarian rule, helped with national image
Skepticism to EU rules (3)
Some resented amount of rules, meant giving more power to Eurocrats, meant budget (health care) cuts to social benefits
Kohl’s 10 Point Plan
Agreement signed between Gorbachev and Kohl, against socialists, through politics(no weapons)
Fall of Soviet Union
‘91 Yeltsin coup against Gorbachev, Russia declares independence from USSR
The only bloody revolution of ‘89 is…
Romania
First revolution of ‘89 is….
Poland
Collapse of Sudaan’s dictatorship
2003
Iraq war invaded in…..
2003
End of Dentente
Invasion of Afghanistan by Soviets
Willy Brandt
West German chancellor- improved relations between E&W Germany through moderate practical changes. greatly reduces E&W tensions, Germany has a leadership role in Europe
SALT 1
(Strategic Arms Limitation Talks)- Brezhnev and Nixon—no more nuclear ballistic missiles, reduce number of anti-ballistic missiles
Second Vatican Council
Vernacular is accepted, no more high mass, one true church, accept other Christian denominations
