Cold War 1945-1973 Flashcards
when was the cuban missile crisis?
October 1962
when was the cuban revolution
1959
General Batista
right wing dictator who was the leader of Cuba until 1959
Who led the Cuban revolution?
Fidel Castro
-became new leader in 1959
What ideology did Castro have?
communist
Why did Castro become a communist?
due to his friendship and support from Khrushchev
sphere of influence
an area in which one nation holds, or claims to hold, dominant power over a country or several countries
Where did America deploy nuclear missiles?
Italy and Turkey
Where did Soviets deploy nuclear missiles?
Cuba
When was Black saturday?
27 october 1962
What is Black Saturday?
the day when we were the closest to nuclear war
What did the USA own in Cuba?
large consumer of cuban tobacco, sugar and they owned a large naval base
trade embargo
official GOVt ban on all US exports and trade with Cuba
imposed by Kennedy
How did the trade embargo affect the USA?
cuba turned to the USSR as a market for their sugar
soviet’s were more than willing to comply and before long sent Cuba weapons and oil
when was The Bay of Pigs
april 1961
what happend at the Bay of Pigs?
CIA landed 1,400 Cuban Exiles at the Bay of Pigs with the aim of provoking an anti communist revolution
how many cuban exiles were landed at the Bay of Pigs
1400
Result of the 1400 cuban exiles
(Bay of Pigs)
these rebels were easily defeated
20,000 heavily armed Cuban troops captured or killed them all
How did the Bay of Pigs affect Kennedy’s image?
made Kennedy look weak and aggressive
What did JFK impose to stop USSR missiles from reaching Cuba?
naval blockade
What did Khrushchev say in his letters to JFK?
USSR would force way through blockade & was prepared to use nuclear weapons in war
Brinkmanship
pushing to the verge of war
What did JFK ask Khrushchev to do?
to remove missiles from Cuba
Khrushchev said he would if USA removed missiles from Turkey and didn’t invade Cuba
which country received financial aid under the Marshall Plan first?
Greece
what was set up after the cuban missile crisis?
a hotline between the white house and the kremlin
The Marshall Plan
financial aid given to help suffering countries so that they’re less likely to prey to communism
Truman Doctrine
policy of containing communism
domino theory
if Vietnam fell to
communism so would all of SE Asia
who was the leader of North Vietnam?
Ho Chi Minh
(COMMUNIST)
Who was the leader of South Vietnam?
Diem
proxy war
conflicts in which a third party intervenes indirectly in a pre-existing war in order to influence the strategic outcome in favour of its preferred faction
Operation Rolling Thunder
a mass bombing campaign on North Vietnam by the USA
Which chemicals were used to destroy the Vietnamese jungle?
napalm
agent orange
vietcong
north vietnamese guerilla movement
who aided the viet cong?
Ho Chi Minh
Operation Search and Destroy
set fire to thatched houses & villages believed to be supporting Vietcong
why were guerilla tactics affective against the US?
US conventional high tech methods ineffective
why was the US losing the Vietnam war?
US troops were inexperienced
- didn’t understand why they were fighting
Lots of media coverage showed the atrocities
High levels of opposition to the war at hone
when did Nixon visit China?
1972
What happened in Jan 1973
PEACE TREATY
Vietnam united as communists
Laos and Cambodia also fall from communism
when did the USA lift trade embargo’s with China?
April 1971
why was truman doctrine significant?
became the cornerstone of US forgein policy for many years to come
