Cold War Flashcards
Nuclear deterrence
buildling up capacity to fight —> however, neither opponent fights
MAD
Mutually assured destruciton - if both sides possess enough nuclear weapons, neither side will attack
Khrushchev policy
peaceful coexistence
best example of brinkmanship
cuban missile crisis
former name of European Union
European economic community
NORAD
defense system for America to identify things in the airspace
Yalta conference
- UN
- Eastern Europe = soviet soi
- Disagreements about Poland type of gov.
Beginning of cold war
Potsdam conference
Potsdam
- Poland gov. (London exiled polish gov. or Lublin)
- Germany reparations
- Eastern Europe
- atomic bomb
Stalin aims
- command world economy
- keep G divided
- buffer
Truman Doctrine
Aid, alliances, contianment
George Kennan’s Long Telegram
- US Embassy in Moscow sent it in 1946
- advocated for containment and resistance
Marshall Plan
- 1947-52
- “strings attached:” aid came with conditions that aligned with US interests
- USSR: “Dollar imperialism” –> Soviet satellite states rejected
molotov plan vs COMECON
- temporary economic aid initiative aimed at pos-ww2 recovery
- COMECON: long term institutionalized organization
Berlin blockade
1948-49
- introduce Deutsche Mark –> USSR saw as political move –> blockaded Berlin
NATO
- 1949
- political and military
- worried about spread of commuinsm
- combine defensive strength. pursue collectively disarmament and arms control
USSR repsonse ot NATO?
- Warsaw Pact 1955
- eastern Europe military alliance
Hungary Rev 1956 (and Czech’s Pragua Spring 1968)
- protest communist-controlled gov.
- USSR used force to end
1918 Brest-Litovsk Treaty
- USSR Trotsky and Central powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman)
- end Russia’s involvement in WW1 –> however, ceded Poland, Ukgraine, Baltic States, Finland to Germany
What did stalinization / communization of eastern europe look like?
- poliitcal repression
- rigged elections
- salami tactics (isolate opposition, gradually arrest and exile)
COMECON vs COMINFORM
COMECON: economic assistance
COMINFORM: politically unite communist parties
Czech Communist Coup 1948
- after rejection of marshall plan, non-communist ministers unhappy
- communist strike: USSR backed security forces
NSC-68
- 1950
- US increase in defense and military spending
Cuban missile crisis
- US victory
Korean war
- June 1950
- UN (USSR boycotted) sent support from 14 UN countries to South Korea, North = China + USSR
- stalemate
warsaw uprising 1944
- polish soldiers and civilians revolted against G-occupied Poland
- USSR refused assistance
- The Soviet Union, which was positioned on the outskirts of Warsaw during the uprising, did not intervene to help the insurgents, leading to significant disappointment among the Poles and creating tension between Poland and the Soviets.
D-day 1944
- Stalin long demanded this
- suspected delay was intentional
Dropping of A-bomb on Hiroshima
- Aug 1945
- Stalin saw bomb as threat, accelerating Soviet efforts todevleop nuclear weapons and fu eling arms race
Korena War
- 1950-53
- Kim Il Sung (North)
- Douglas MacArthur: leader of US-backed, but later didn’t listen to Truman and got fired
why did US intervene into Korean war?
- fear of domino theory
- red scare, mccarthyism (hunt of communists in US)
- intervene through UN cause direct intervention wasn’t going to look good to defend, not invade North Korea
why did USSR intervene into Korean war?
- international leader
- cocerned about Japan being anti-commuinst
why did CHINA intervene into Korean war?
- pay back Kim for support of Chinese Civil War
- international commuinst leader
Khrushchev Secret Speech
1956
denounced stalin as crinimal
Khrushchev policy
peaceful coexistence
- 1953 (Stalin’s death)-64
- diplomacy and cooperation- compete peacefully through tech advancements, economic copmetition, but not military confrontation
Conference of Communist Parties
1957
- highlighted gorwing division between communist countries
