COL: Lipids Flashcards
What are lipids ?
Lipids are fats (solid) and oils (liquid) . They are long chains of C and H and a few functional groups that contain O. They are responsible for energy storage and make up certain structures in cells (cell membrane) and hydrophobic .
What happens when a lipid is broken down ?
It releases energy
What is glycerol ?
A type of naturally occurring alcohol with 3 hyroxyl (chemical group of oxygen and hydrogen) groups.
What are fatty acids ?
They have long hydrocarbon (hydrogen and carbon compound) chains
What is the structure of a lipid ?
A glycerol backbone with 3 fatty acids
What are saturated fats ?
- Full, all C and H bonds are occupied
- Unhealthy
- Increase levels of bad cholesterol
- Low-density lipo-protein, clogs arteries
Functions of lipids
- they’re stored under the skin as insulation against the cold.
- energy reserve
- structural component of cell membrane
- waterproofing
- necessary for metabolic reactions
- Vit A,D,E,K are soluble in fats
What is cholesterol ?
A waxy type of fat formed naturally in the body. Only 25% comes from the food you eat.
What happens when your skin is exposed to sun?
UV rays change cholesterol into Vitamin D.
What is Atherosclerosis?
An excess of fat in the blood can cause plaques in the arteries’ blood vessels, causing them to harden.Which can lead to heart attacks.
What is fat emulsification?
(break into smaller pieces)
Fats are emulsified by adding soap (alkaline) /lemon juice (acidic).
Fats in the stomach are emulsified by acid in gastric juice.
