Cognitive Psychology

Question 1

What was the aim of Sebastian and hernandez-gil

Answer 1

To investigate the development of the phonological loop as a component of the working memory model

Question 2

What was the procedure of the hernandez and gil

Answer 2

570 volunteers
Schoolchildren from private and public schools 5-17
The dependent variables was the mean digit span
They were given a sequence of random digits and gradually increased by one in length each time
Participants listened to each sequence and then were asked to repeat them in order

Question 3

How the sequence increase

Answer 3

The task began with three sequences of 3 digits and then three sequences of four digits and so on

Question 4

What were the findings Sebastian and hernandez

Answer 4

The older you are the higher your digit span would be as the 5year old had a mean digit span of 3.76 and 17 year old had a digit span of 5.91

Question 5

What was the mean digit 5 Yr old

Answer 5

3.76

Question 6

What was the mean digit 7 Yr old

Answer 6

5.91

Question 7

What was the results for the different language speakers Sebastian

Answer 7

The average digit span was lower foe Spanish children compared to English children

Question 8

What was the conclusion S/H

Answer 8

Digit span increase as age goes up

English has fewer syllables in than Spanish speakers therefore it would be harder to remember

Question 9

What is a weakness of Sebastian

Answer 9

Low mundane realism
Recalling random numbers is not a task we do in every day life
As remember a phone number is not a random number
Therefore the findings digit span task do not apply to real life scenarios

Question 10

What is the strength of Sebastian

Answer 10

High internal validity
High level of control
Participants given the exact same random numbers
Standardised procedures
Experiment can be replicable as they were able to carry out the same procedure as the Anglo saxons

Question 11

What is the semantic nature

Answer 11

Based on facts

Question 12

What is the episodic nature

Answer 12

Based on feeling

Question 13

What is the time referencing of semantic

Answer 13

Doesn’t have be recalled in chronological order

Question 14

What is the time referencing of episodic

Answer 14

Memories are recalled in chronological order

Question 15

What is the spatial referencing for semantic

Answer 15

Fragmented - information learnt different times and all put together

Question 16

What is the spatial referencing for episodic

Answer 16

Continuous over a time frame

Question 17

What is the retrieval and forgetting of semantic

Answer 17

Retrieval is doesnt require context of learning context and semantic memory is less likely to be changed as its a fact

Question 18

What is the forgetting and retrieval for episodic memory

Answer 18

Recall is dependant on context in which the even was learned
For a example going back to your old school and getting old memories back
Memories are easily changed

Question 19

Babbeley aim

Answer 19

To investigate if the ltm encodes semantically or acoustically

Question 20

How many ppl were in the baddeley study

Answer 20

72 Cambridge volunteer men and women

Question 21

What was the independent variable of baddeley

Answer 21

Acoustically similar or acoustically dissimilar
Semantically similar or Semantically dissimilar

Question 22

Dependent variable of baddeley

Answer 22

How many words you can recall in the correct order

Question 23

Acoustically similar:
Acoustically dissimilar:

Answer 23

Man can
Pit few

Question 24

Semantically similar
Semantically dissimilar

Answer 24

Great large
Good huge

Question 25

Procedure baddeley

Answer 25

Ppts shown 10 words for 3 seconds Given 8 random numbers and made to write it down 3x Repeated steps then give a 15-20 min break and then we're asked to recall the words in the correct order unexpectedly

Question 26

Results of baddeley

Answer 26

Semantically similar has the worst initial learning and greater performance difference So therefore ltm is encoded Semantically

Question 27

strength of baddeley

Answer 27

High internal validity Everyone was given the same common English words such as man can and not complex words so the dependent variable accurately measures recall of words and not how hard it is to remember complex words

Question 28

Weakness of baddeley

Answer 28

Mundane realism No one remembers in real life scenarios remember the sequence of word based on sound or meaning similar things in order but is based on contextual cues which suggest that the result of ltm memory being encoded semantically may be exaggerated

Question 29

Ideographic approach

Answer 29

Focuses in detail about specific topics and specific individuals

Question 30

HM quantitative dats

Answer 30

Stores from star test that's measures procedural memories Weight difference Brain scan (mri

Question 31

Qualitative data hm

Answer 31

He knows what a dog is but can’t remember petting the dog

Question 32

Primary data

Answer 32

Direct observations Remembered food but can’t remember eating Star test Dogs

Question 33

Secondary data

Answer 33

Notes from surgeons Observation from parents helped us to know that his personality is the same

Question 34

What must we say for hm

Answer 34

Case studies change also utilise

Question 35

Strength of HM

Answer 35

HM is used to study rare behaviour For example some types of brain damage are specific to a particular individual and therefore there memory experience will be unique and impossible to recreate in lab controlled. Due to practical limitations or ethical concerns Making case studies useful as it gives rich insight into factors that affect human behaviour

Question 36

Weakness of hm

Answer 36

Violated ethical concerns As we know his name so it may cUzs distress tk his family etc

Question 37

Everything to be mentioned for Hm

Answer 37

Ideological approach Quantitative data Qualitative data Primary data Secondary data