Cognitive Easys ( Theories Xp Tulvn) Flashcards
What does the multi store model suggest
Multiple memory stores and how information passes through all of them
What is sensory memory
Information from the environment
Stores visual and auditory information
Short term memory
5-9 items capacity
Acoustically
30 second duration
How stm maintained
Maintenance rehearsal
Repeating to yourself
How do you transfer long term memory from short tern
Elaborative rehearsal
Breakdown info of something and link to pre existing knowledge
Long term memory
Unlimited duration
Unlimited capacity
Semantically stored
How is long term memory forgotten
Retrieval failure
Inability to access stored memory
Interference
Memory disrupted by another
What does the working model suggest
Multiple stores within the STM
Attention
Vision
Sound
To combine the
What is central executive
Attentional controller
Controls the mental resources via two slave systems
How does the eslinger and damasio a weakness for wmm
Suggest that central executive is not one store but multiple stores wmm doesn’t explain this
Surgery brain tumor
Can do reasoning tasks can’t do decision making tasks
What’s the strength of wmm
Shalice and Warrington
Kf suffered from short term memory impairment
He had digit span of one suggesting that most impairment went to the phonological store but his visual memory was intact
What are all the components of the working memory model
Central executive
Visuospatial sketchpad
Phonological store
Episodic buffer
Visuospatial sketchpad
Holds info we see
Allows us to track two things at once
Capacity of 3-4
Visual cache
Stores info about form and colou
Inner scribe
Stores 3d arrangements of objects and allows us to orient and rotate them
Phonological store
Stores auditory information
Ie auditory memory of a song sang by a musician
Articulatory process
Our internal monologue subvocalised
Episodic buffer
Allows us connect two stores together
What does reconstructive memory suggest
Memory is broken down when stored then reconstructed when recalled
Schema
Parcel of information based on our past experience that help us predict future events
Confabulation
Details changed based on our schema to make a story make more sense
Levelling
Memories shortened leaving out what isn’t important to our schema
Rationalisation
Adding details in order to make our schema make sense
Individual difference schema
A parcel of information based on past experiences to help us predict future experiences
Schemas inform the way we Internet things for example
Individual differences : memory ability
Some ppl maybe able to store more things as they have a higher capacity
Some ppl maybe able to retrieve memories easily
Some ppl maybe to have a higher capacity in ther working memory
Ppl with autobiographical episodic memory maybe able to recall past events in higher detail
Developmental difference: languages
Language we are raised in can impact how we process and recall information
For example recalling a story about winter UK- rainy
Finland- snow
Individual differences and developmental differences
Memory ability
Schema
Language
