cognitive neuroscience dissosiations

Question 1

stm is….

Answer 1

Temporary storage of information, typically lasting seconds to minutes. Linked to working memory, which actively manipulates information for cognitive tasks.

Question 2

LTM is….

Answer 2

Long-term storage of information, potentially lasting for a lifetime. Involves the consolidation of memories from STM.

Question 3

a single dissosiation is….

Answer 3

: A condition where one cognitive function is impaired, but another remains intact. It suggests the functions are separate but does not definitively establish their independence.

Question 4

a double dissosiation is…

Answer 4

: A stronger argument for two separate functions. It occurs when one person shows impairment in one function (e.g., STM) but not the other (e.g., LTM), while another person shows the opposite pattern.

Question 5

example of STM Deficits:

Answer 5

Damage to areas like the prefrontal cortex might impair the ability to hold and manipulate information briefly (e.g., HM’s inability to form new LTM but intact STM).

Question 6

example fo ltm defecits=

Answer 6

Damage to regions like the medial temporal lobe (MTL) could impair the ability to consolidate STM into LTM.

Question 7

evidence for Medial Temporal Lobe’s Role in STM:

Answer 7

Research on monkeys (e.g., delay response task), patients like HM, and neuroimaging studies show that areas of the MTL are involved not just in LTM but also in short-term memory processes.
These findings suggest the MTL’s role in STM is more complex than previously thought.

Question 8

Perisylvian Lesions and Phonological STM vs. LTM Deficits:

Damage to the perisylvian region can cause……

Answer 8

Damage to the perisylvian region can cause deficits in phonological STM (e.g., difficulty remembering verbal information) without impairing semantic LTM (general knowledge). This challenges the view that STM and LTM are completely separate in terms of brain function.

Question 9

seminar Author’s View on STM and LTM Storage:

Answer 9

The author argues that STM and LTM cannot be entirely dissociated. Instead, the processes likely overlap, and there is evidence for interaction between short- and long-term memory systems, such as the MTL’s involvement in both.

Question 10

Questions for Further Research:

Answer 10

How do the brain’s different regions interact to store and retrieve information across STM and LTM?
What are the precise neural mechanisms by which STM is transferred to LTM?
How can neuroimaging and patient work help further clarify the relationship between STM and LTM?