Cognitive Development

Question 1

Toddler reading magazine, thinks father can see picture from a different room?

Answer 1

Egocentricism

Question 2

Child states that they enjoy an activity, however acknowledges activity is not always fun. What is the process?

Answer 2

Metacognition

Question 3

Child repeats 2nd grade, 2 years in a row, then no longer tries to do well or complete work. According to learned helplessness model, which is the child’s reaction?

Answer 3

Apathetic towards the new class

Question 4

3 y/o is given this prompt. “Child leaves a toy on the bed and leaves the room, sibling comes in and moves the toy to the shelf. Where would the child look for the toy?” 3 y/o answers shelf because of lacking which cognitive process?

Answer 4

Theory of Mind

Question 5

Child playing hide and seek, hides underneath table in clear view of seeker. What is the cognitive concept?

Answer 5

Egocentrism

Question 6

Increased rates of myelination and synaptic pruning primarily in which brain region is responsible for executive functioning in 5-8 y/os?

Answer 6

Prefrontal Cortex

Question 7

Ages 6-12 shows increase in processing speed due to?

Answer 7

Synaptic pruning in cortex, neuronal myelination

Question 8

What is a hallmark of typical cognitive development in a school-aged child?

Answer 8

1. Objective conservation 2. Classifying and grouping objects and concepts

Question 9

What moral reasoning concept would be lacking when a young child is not able to distinguish the difference between a child breaking one plate while angry vs three plates while trying to help clean?

Answer 9

Intention and Result

Question 10

What age do children look to athletic heroes as role models?

Answer 10

School age

Question 11

5 y/o child feels responsible for father’s death due to an argument they had right before he left the home and had an accident. Example of?

Answer 11

Age-appropriate response

Question 12

Child obeys rules and reports classmates mischief. What stage of moral development according to Kohlberg?

Answer 12

Conventional

Question 13

Elementary school kids act out scene from superhero movie. Per psychodynamic theory, this is?

Answer 13

A way to express wishes impossible in reality

Question 14

Child tells story 3 times from different character perspectives. What concrete operation has he mastered?

Answer 14

Decentration

Question 15

What is developed when an 18 month old girl gives twin brother his favorite toy as opposed to her favorite toy?

Answer 15

Theory of mind

Question 16

How might an 8 y/o understand death?

Answer 16

Punishment for bad behavior

Question 17

First component of moral development for a 2 year old?

Answer 17

Having awareness of standards of behavior as defined by parents

Question 18

What age group is a child who watches a hurricane on TV and believes it is outside?

Answer 18

Preschool age

Question 19

What displays a boys stage 3 moral judgement, according to Kohlberg’s theory?

Answer 19

Following the rules because it is fair and others followed them/ Following the rules because that is what good children do in the family

Question 20

Parents ask two children to clean their rooms. 9 y/o can clean well, but 5 y/o needs help. Which cognitive area in older child has more maturity?

Answer 20

Visual organization ability

Question 21

What adolescents don’t understand about death?

Answer 21

It can happen to them

Question 22

1 y/o child watches father pack his bag for work, put it next to the door, then grabs his car keys. Child looks in bag, looks at father, then back at the bag for work and fusses. Child using what cognitive scale to communicate?

Answer 22

Higher cognition

Question 23

The increase in processing speed from 6-12 y/o correlate to?

Answer 23

Cortical synaptic pruning and myelination