cognitive development Flashcards
1
Q
define cognitive development
A
the emergence of the ability to think and understand
2
Q
what are piaget’s stages of cognitive development?
A
sensorimotor stage, pre-operational stage, concrete operational stage, formal operational stage
3
Q
define the sensorimotor stage
A
- birth - 2 years
- an infant’s demonstration of intelligence by means of motor activity without the use of symbols
- using their senses
- 7-9 months - object permanence
4
Q
define the pre-operational stage
A
- 2-7 years
- children demonstrate intelligence through the use of symbols
- language abilities begin to develop considerably
- significant growth in their memory and imagination
- egocentric thinking is prevalent
5
Q
define the concrete operational stage
A
- 7-11 years
- logical thinking develops and children become able to solve hands-on problems in a logical fashion
- understand the concept of conservation - a number, length, liquid, mass, weight, area, and volume can all be manipulated added to, and subtracted from
- understand sequences in reverse
- begin to limit egocentric thinking
6
Q
define the formal operational stage
A
- 11-15 years
- demonstrate intelligence through their ability to solve increasingly complicated abstract problems using logic, and by understanding how to use symbols related to abstract concepts
- often return to egocentric thinking
7
Q
how can cognitive development be enhanced through physical activity?
A
the hippocampus (structure of the brain associated with learning and memory) become larger through exercise
