Cognitive assessment in NCC & cognitive deficits

Question 1

What are the sympts of dementia?

Answer 1

• Depression
• Delusions
• Agitation
• Hallucinations
• Apathy
• Disturbances of the circadian rythm
• Amnesia

Question 2

GDS

Answer 2

= Global Deterioration Scale
- level of the cognitive disorder assessment

Question 3

What are the 3 cognitive screening assessment?

Answer 3

• MMSE
• Mini-Cog
• MoCA

Question 4

MMSE

Answer 4

= Mini-mental State Examination
-Questionaire to calculate the level of cognitive imprairement of the patient /30 pts; 5pts max per questions
- Screening assessment

Question 5

Mini-Cog

Answer 5

• Screening assessment
• 3 setps assessment, total score on 5pts for cognitive imp
  1) 3 word registration
  2) Clock drawing
  3) 3 word recall

Question 6

MoCA

Answer 6

= Montreal Cognitive Assessment
- Screening assessment
- for patient w/ mild cognitive imprairment that still score >24 pts in MMSE
- questionnaire using, attention, naming, WM(immediate recall), Delayed recall, verbal fluency, orientation (time & space), visuoconstructional skills, abstraction..

Question 7

WCST

Answer 7

= Wisconsin card sorting test
- Screening assessment
- Assessment of abstract reasoning ( dlPFC, midfrontal lobe & orbifrontal connectivity)
- using 64 card w/ symbols & colors, patient organizes card following an unkown criteria that the Physio changes every 10 rounds

Question 8

TMT or CTT

Answer 8

= Trail Making Test or Color Trail Test
- Screening test assessment
- assesses attention disorder, then executive dysfunction
- patient must connect numbers from 1 to 25 on a piece of paper (part A) then numbers & letters alternated(1, A, 2, B..)

Question 9

What is alertness ?

Answer 9

Level of physical arousal
<=>attention

Question 10

What is sustained attention?

Answer 10

Long terme signal search
<=> attention

Question 11

What is vigilance ?

Answer 11

Long term monotone visual search
<=> attention

Question 12

What is selective & divided attention?

Answer 12

Selecting & dividing the attentional focus between variable targets (dual task)
<=> attention

Question 13

What is visuospatial selective attention?

Answer 13

Spatial variation of focus, w/o losing memory (WM) of the already searched space.
<=> attention

Question 14

TAP

Answer 14

= Test of attention performance
- Screening test assessment
- test battery based on neuropsychological assessments specifical for attention deficits => differential diagnostic of attention disorders in children & adults
-> alertness
-> sustained attention

Question 15

MC

Answer 15

Mackworth clock
- vigilance (attention)
- online modulation ->ability to adapt to moving object/person in gait

Question 16

D2

Answer 16

• Screening assessments
• sustained & selective attention assessment
• page w/ symbols, patient needs to marks 1 in particular every time he sees it

Question 17

MARS

Answer 17

= Moss attention rating scale
- Screening assessment
- 22 items scale based on patient’s referral -> subjective
- assess attention
- scores from 22 to 210, for each questions, 1 begin definitely false & 5 being definitely true.

Question 18

SRT or MRT

Answer 18

= Spatial rotation task ou MRT =mental
- visuospatial attention
- identify correct images

Question 19

CDT

Answer 19

= Clock drawing test
- quick assessment of visuospatial abilities & executive function (for patients w/ dementia, neglect..)
- conceptualization, planning, preservation, allocation
- patient is given a circle, positioned at the midline & is asked to draw a clock inside the circle

Question 20

CDT mistakes

Answer 20

• Conceptualization = interpretation of the clock itself
• Planning = number or hands repetition
• Preservation = spacing between numbers
• Algorithm allocation = of numbers inside the spase

Question 21

NIHSS

Answer 21

= Aphasia test
- scene description & coherence
- also some attention & visual field
- patient should name everything he can & in a logical order if possible
-> stroke patient

Question 22

GDS - stage 2

Answer 22

= very mild Cognitive impairment (CI)
- chronological order of events
- subjective memory loss
- no significant impairment in social/work life

Question 23

GDS - stage 3

Answer 23

= moderate CI
- Objective memory impairment
- Decrease attention
- Diminished participation
- Impact on mental health

Question 24

GDS - stage 4

Answer 24

= MCI
- confusion
- loss of memory of complete events
- autobiographical memory MIGHT be affected
- severe attention deficit
- orientation deficit (time/place/person)

Question 25

GDS - stage 6

Answer 25

= severe cognitive disorder
- forget the name of close relatives
- lack of consolidation of recents events
- severely impaired WM
- severe sleep disorder
(- mood lability)
- spontaneous delusion

Question 26

GDS - stage 7

Answer 26

= Late severe cognitive disorder
- loss of linguistic ability
- apathy
- depression
- repetitive mvts
- loss of facial expression

Question 27

Line-division test

Answer 27

• For UNS (neglect)
• Draw a line to the patient & ask to mark the middle of the line
  -> will be closer to the right than the left
  => determine vision field