Cognitive approach

Question 1

pos evaluation - internal validity and lab experiments, bio+cog

Answer 1

• controlled and rigorous lab experiment

- merged biology and cognitive

Question 2

pos evaluation - practical and theoretical context, artificial intelligence, dominant today

Answer 2

• still dominant today
• range and practical and theoretical contexts
• caused the development of artificial intelligence and robots
• could revolutionize how we live

Question 3

pos evaluation - less/soft determinist, within limits, free to think

Answer 3

• the cognitive system only operates within the limits of what we know
• free to think before responding to stimuli
• more reasonable than strong determinism

Question 4

neg evaluation - criticism of computer analogy/ machine reductionism

Answer 4

• machine reductionism ignores the influence of human emotion on the cognitive system
• affects the ability to process information
• research shows memory can be affected by human emotion

Question 5

neg evaluation - low external validity, artificial stimuli, abstract

Answer 5

• can only infer from what they observe
• too abstract and theoretical
• studies with artificial stimuli don’t represent everyday memory
• lacks internal validity

Question 6

what is the scientific study of mental processes?

Memories… private.. indirect.. inference

Answer 6

• studies memory, perception and thinking
• these things are private so it must be studied indirectly
• done by making inferences
• mind causes behavior

Question 7

what are computer and theoretical models?

Multi store..analogy.. CPU

Answer 7

• infers processing using the multi-store model
• the computing analogy relates to how the mind works
• CPU, coding, and stores

Question 8

what is the role of the schema?

Packets…perception…overwhelming.. distorting

Answer 8

• cognitive processes affected by the schema
• they are packets of metal framework that give us perceptions of incoming information
• we’re born with simple motor schema which becomes more developed over time
• it acts as a mental shortcut and prevents overwhelming from the environment
• however, it can be harmful by distorting interpretations

Question 9

what is the influence of brain structures?

Maps..broca..scanning..brainwaves

Answer 9

• maps the brain
• broca found the frontal lobe to affect speech
• the neurological basis of disorders had been explored with scanning techniques and computer models
• reads brain waves - involved in “fingerprinting” which can be useful in finding liars