Behaviourist Approach

Question 1

focuses on obsrvational behaviours

Answer 1

• studies obervable and measurable behaviours, not metal processes
• introspection rejected for being too absract and unmeasurable

Question 2

classical conditioning

Answer 2

• Pavlov, learn with assosiation
• condition dog to salivate with bell
• ucs = food, ucr = salivate, ns = bell, cs = bell, cr = saliavtion

Question 3

operational conditoning

Answer 3

• skinner, learning an active process, speices operate on environment
• rats, skinner box,level, food pellets
• consequence = repeat, avoid shock = also repeat

Question 4

types of consequences

Answer 4

• positive reinforcement (reward), negative reinforcement (avoid unpleasnat), punishment (unpelasnat consequence)
• positve and negative reinfoecement inceases likehood of repitition

Question 5

positive evaluation:

increase scientific credidibilty (labs, important science, status)

Answer 5

• focus on measurement of behvaiour in controlled labs
• emphasis importance of scientific process (objectivity and replication)
• gives greater status and credibility

Question 6

positive evaluation:

real life application (principals, range behaviours, token, lack insight)

Answer 6

• principals of conditioning applied to range of behaviours and problems
• token economy in prison successful
• suitable for people that lack insight into their condition

Question 7

negative evaluation:

animal testing + ethical issues (stressful, affect reaction, validity)

Answer 7

• skinner box = high control
• object to ethical issues
• animals expose to stresful conditions, can affect reaction
• questions validity, observed behaviour not normal