Cofnitive Pack Two Flashcards
Multi store model
attkinson ans shiffron
Memory is an information processing model describes memory like a computer
Computer hardware as memory store
Computer software as control processes
Encoding info storage of info and retrieval
Sensory
Short term
Long term
Sensory memory
Encoded through 5 sensory registers
Capacity of 3-4 item
1/2 a second
Retrieval through scan of sensory memory
Forgetting if not enough attention is paid
Short term memory
Encodes items acustically or auditorily
5-9 item
Up to 30 seconds
Retired through a sequential search
Rehearsed inoder to teasnfer to long term
Displacement or decay
Long term
Encoded semantically and temporrarily
Potentially a life time
Potentially limitless
Retired through a semantic or temporal search
Interference with other information or through failure when retrieving
Evidence for msm
Case studies - hm was unable to transfer new information from his short term and long term memory suggest there are two different stores
MSM comes from the primary decency effect ( Glanzer and Cuntiz ) remember things at beginning and end of list well
But forget in the middle suggests that we rennet the beginning due to LTM and reversal and the end of stm - two separate stores
Evidence against msm
rehersal dos not nessaserily transfer to long term emory
bekerien and baddeley 1980
moriss et al people diddnt know radio was chaging despite hearing it thousands of times - over emphasis on rehersal
people interested infootball made more accurate predictions than people not intersted in fotball - using prior knowledge of ltm to help stm
other prosseses involved
evodence suggests that the model isnt linear
methodolgy for msm
lab experiment strength standardised procedures- replicated in different circumstances
can manipulate independant variable increasing validity and cienfific credibility
lab - weakness peterson and peerson effect of interfernece in artificial task in lab experiment - may not show how memory works in everday life
reductionist
applications for msm
education pravtice and reisisng for exams
alternative theory msm
working memeory model
working memeory model
baddeley and hitch 1974
development on msm
the role of working memeory is to temporarily store and manipulate information
three components
the central executive
phological loop
visuospatial sketchpad
the central executive
the running of the memory system
what info to pay attention to and what to not
cognitive tasks such as problem solving
phonological loop
2 parts
phonolgical store - inner ear - linked to speech perception holding spoken words 1-2 seconds
artulatory rehersal system - inner voice speech production reherse and store verbal info
visuo spatial sketchpad
slave sytem that sores and processes visual and spatial information navigation displays and manipulates visual info held in ltm
evidence for the wmm
research in dual task experiments - two task wich nvolve the same slave system - Baddley 1975 participans performed a visula nd verbal task togetehr performance was much worse than when they carried them out separatley
badddeley and hitch - dual task experiments track location of a movinglight on a screen whist imagaining a capital F mentally follow edges and say wether angles they had imagined were at the top or the botom using vvsp for both tasks to struggled
robbins remember chess positions and replicate both using vvsp worse then one usng phonological loop better
pet scan shown dfferent areas of the brain
methodology for wmm
lab experient standardised procedures replicated in different circumstances
manipulate independant variable
increasing validity and scientific credibility
reductionist - arificial tasks not reflectiong of how memory works everyday
incomplete - doesnt explain sensory of long term memory episodic buffer added in 2000
