Coffee Flashcards
Where is coffee grown?
In hot, wet areas close to the equator.
Coffee production is dominated by countries like Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia, Indonesia and Ethiopia.
What are the issues with coffee production?
The plants are susceptible to a range of diseases e.g. bacterial blight and coffee leaf rust which prevents growth.
Insects and other pests can harm the growth of the plants.
Farmers use fertilisers and pesticides but these are often imported into the country and so can be expensive.
What is trend for coffee production and consumption?
It is mainly produced by less developed countries and consumed by developed countries.
What country is the largest coffee producer?
Brazil is the largest coffee producer (20%).
It has around 300,000 coffee farms and produces around 2.5 million tonnes per year.
What country is largest importer of coffee?
The USA is the largest importer (20%).
How much of the price of the coffee goes to coffee farmers?
Around 7 - 10% because they sell the unprocessed bean which is low value.
TNCs receive the majority of the profits by roasting the beans.
What movement helps farmers receive a fair wage?
Fairtrade
How does Fairtrade help coffee farmers?
They work with the farmers to maintain environmental standards and prohibit forced labour and child labour.
They have set up a minimum price which has to cover all of the farmer’s costs.
How has the Fairtrade movement grown?
The number of producer organisations grew from 175 in 2002 to 329 in 2011.
It also grew from around 15,000 tonnes to 80,000 tonnes per year.
What is the Fairtrade premium?
Extra money that allows infrastructure like schools, farm machinery and computers.
