Changing Places Flashcards
What is a place?
A place is a location that also has meaning.
What is a location?
The latitude and longitude of a place.
What is a locale?
A place where something happens. This could be a pub or restaurant in an area or a hotel that gives a place its identity.
What is an insider?
An insider is someone who is familiar with a place and who feels welcome in that place.
For example, residents of a country who all share the same cultural values.
What is an outsider?
An outsider is someone who feels unwelcome or excluded from a place.
For example, international immigrants who do not share the same cultural values as the residents of the country.
What is an experienced place?
Places that people have spent time in.
When a person visits or lives in a place their experiences shape their sense of that place.
What is a media place?
Places that people have not been to but have created a sense of place through their depiction in media.
What is a near place?
A place that is geographically near to where a person lives.
What is a far place?
A place that is geographically distant from where a person lives.
What are endogenous factors?
The internal factors that shape a place’s character.
What are exogenous factors?
The external factors that shape a place’s character.
What are three physical endogenous factors?
Location
Topography
Physical geography.
What are three human endogenous factors?
Land use
Built environment and infrastructure
Demographic and economic characteristics.
What are three exogenous factors?
Tourism
Flows of investment
Migration.
What are the demographic characteristics of a place?
Who lives in a place and what they’re like.
For example: age, gender, education level, religion, birth rates, ethnicity and population size.
What shifting flows can change the demographic characteristics of a place?
Flows of people.
Flows of money and investment.
Flows of ideas and resources.
What are the cultural characteristics of a place?
How people live their lives.
For example: the foods, the customs, clothing, tradition, language, art, attitudes, beliefs and values.
What shifting flows can change the cultural characteristics of a place?
Flows of people.
Flows of money, investment and ideas.
What are the economic characteristics of a place?
Characteristics about work or money.
For example: income, employment rates, types of job available.
What shifting flows can change the economic characteristics of a place?
Flows of people.
Flows of resources.
Flows of money.
What are the social characteristics of a place?
Characteristics related to what people’s lives are like.
For example: overall quality of life, access to food supplies, healthcare, education, sanitation, leisure facilities.
What are social inequalities?
Differences in social characteristics between different groups of people.
What shifting flows can change the social characteristics in an area?
Flows of people.
Flows of resources.
Flows of money and investment.
What are three external forces that can change the characteristics of a place?
Government policies.
Decisions of TNCs.
Impacts of global institutions.
How can government policies affect the characteristics of a place?
They can control immigration which affects the demographic and cultural characteristics of a place.
They can also regenerate run down areas which affects the economic and social characteristics of a place.
How can TNCs impact the characteristics of a place?
TNCs moving and investing in an area can cause economic and social growth.
TNCs moving abroad and leaving an area can cause deindustrialisation and a spiral of decline. For example, Detroit.
How can global institutions affect the characteristics of a place?
The World Bank provides billions of pounds to projects worldwide which aim to reduce poverty. These projects often alter the characteristics of a place.
How can past and present connections shape places?`
Links between different countries/cities can allow countries to become wealthier.
For example, connections between London and New York allowed them both to become world class cities.
What is the representation of place?
How individuals or organisations, such as businesses or councils, portray places they know about to others.
What is topophilia?
Positive feelings about a place.
What is topophobia?
Negative feelings about a place.
How would a tourism company represent a place as?
They would represent a place positively to encourage more sales.
What three organisations would attempt to change people’s perceptions of a place?
Governments/Council
Corporate Bodies
Community / Local Groups
Why would governments influence perceptions of place?
To attract people or investment to particular places.
Why would corporate bodies influence perceptions of place?
To generate profit or because they have been created for a specific purpose. For example, VisitBritain attempts to promote tourism in the UK.
Why would community or local groups influence perceptions of a place?
To improve the local economy and the lives of local people.
What are the three main strategies to alter perceptions of a place?
Place marketing
Reimaging
Rebranding
What is place marketing?
How places are ‘sold’ like products to consumers.
What is reimaging?
Changing existing negative perceptions of a place.
What is rebranding?
Giving a place a new identity that is appealing to people and investors.
What is quantitative data?
Data that can be quantified numerically and statistically.
For example, graphs and charts.
What is qualitative data?
Data that cannot be quantified numerically and is more descriptive and creative.
For example, art, poetry and photography.
What is cartographic data?
Where maps are used to present data.
