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Mercy CLS: Comprehensive Study > Coagulation > Flashcards

Coagulation Flashcards

1
Q

factors in the intrinsic pathway (PTT, test system)

A

XII
XI
IX
VIII

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2
Q

factors in the extrinsic pathway (PT)

A

tissue factor
VII

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3
Q

factors in the common pathway

A

X
V
prothrombin
fibrinogen
XIII

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4
Q

converts XII to XIIa

A

kallikrein

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5
Q

regulates thrombin

A

thrombomodulin
ATIII

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6
Q

converts fibrinogen to fibrin

A

thrombin

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7
Q

stabilizes fibrin clot by crosslinking D molecules

A

XIII

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8
Q

fibrin degradation product
sign of pathologic clotting

A

D-dimer

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9
Q

↑ FDP

A

fibrin degradation products
sign of pathologic clotting

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10
Q

function of plasminogen

A

plasminogen → plasmin
fibrinolysis

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11
Q

convert plasminogen → plasmin

A

TPA
UPA

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12
Q

normal PT

A

12-15 s

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13
Q

normal PTT

A

25-35 s

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14
Q

normal bleeding time

A

< 10 min

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15
Q

PFA only involves ———– hemostasis

A

primary
platelet plug
no factors involved

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16
Q

explain primary hemostasis

A

vessel break → collagen exposure, TF released
GPIB on plt + vWF + exposed collagen
GPIIB on plt + fibrinogen + GPIIB (aggregation)

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17
Q

Bernard-Soulier

A

GPIB deficiency
platelet function problem

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18
Q

Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia

A

GPIIB deficiency
platelet function problem

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19
Q

abnormal PFA + ↑ PTT

A

vonWillebrand disease
↓ wWF, ↓ VIII

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20
Q

vWD panel

A

vWF Ag test (quantitative)
ristocetin cofactor assay (functional)

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21
Q

for PFA, patient must be off aspirin for…

A

7 days

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22
Q

VIII deficiency

A

hemophilia A

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23
Q

IX deficiency

A

hemophilia B

24
Q

XI deficiency

A

hemophilia C

25
Q

thrombolytic drug
converts plasminogen → plasmin

A

streptokinase

26
Q

drug therapy that can give coag results like a multi-factor deficiency

A

thrombolytic agents

27
Q

factor deficiency that causes clotting, not bleeding

A

XII

28
Q

distinguish coag factor inhibitor from deficiency

A

mixing study
corrects —deficiency
does not correct —inhibitor

29
Q

distinguish which factor deficiency a patient has

A

single factor assays
pt plasma + plasmas each deficient in one factor
remains abnormal —deficiency of that factor

30
Q

coag problem causing superficial bleeding vs deep bleeding

A

superficial —plt problem
deeper —hemophilia

31
Q

Christmas disease

A

hemophilia B
IX deficiency

32
Q

normal fibrinogen

A

200-400

33
Q

why is pregnancy a risk factor for DIC?

A

placenta can release large amounds of TF

34
Q

triggers of DIC

A

sepsis
pregnancy
venoms
APML
trauma, burns
acute hemolytic trxn

35
Q

malnutrition effect on coag pathway

A

↓ vitamin K
↓ functional prothrombin group factors (prothrombin, VII, IX, X)

36
Q

first factor that ↓ in liver disease or vitamin K def.

A

VII
shortest half life
PT affected first

37
Q

how can ↓ GI flora cause ↑ PT?

A

vitamin K deficiency

38
Q

function of coumadin

A

inhibits vitamin K - dependent factors

39
Q

function of heparin

A

enhances the effects of ATIII

40
Q

PIVKAs

A

proteins affected by vitamin K deficiency
prothrombin, VII, IX, X

41
Q

coag pathway inhibitors that are vitamin K-dependent

A

proteins C & S

42
Q

functions of proteins C & S

A

inhibit factor V
S is cofactor for C

43
Q

V not susceptible to protein C
clotting tendency

A

factor V leiden mutation

44
Q

too much thrombin
clotting tendency

A

prothrombin mutation

45
Q

buildup of homocysteine
clotting tendency

A

MTHFR mutation

46
Q

normal INR

A

usually 2-3

47
Q

sodium citrate tube ratio

A

9:1

48
Q

bridge for multiple coag factors, tenase, PL surface

A

Ca

49
Q

activates plts
inhibited by aspirin

A

arachidonic acid system

50
Q

test for XIII deficiency based on clot stability

A

5M urea test

51
Q

tests fibrinogen → fibrin step
used to detect heparin contamination

A

thrombin time

52
Q

tests fibrinogen → fibrin step
not affected by heparin contamination

A

reptilase time

53
Q

PTT prolonged
bleeding tendency
time & temp dependent
hemophiliacs

A

factor VIII inhibitor (Ab)

54
Q

PTT prolonged
clotting tendency
anti-phospholipid

A

lupus anticoagulant

55
Q

PTT with ↓ phospholipid, prolonged by LAC

PTT with ↑ phospholipid, more normal with LAC

Lupus anticoagulant

A

DRVVT
StaClot test

Mercy CLS: Comprehensive Study (9 decks)

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