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Pharmacology > CNS General and Histamine > Flashcards

CNS General and Histamine Flashcards

0
Q

Major inhibitory neurotransmitter

A

GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)

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1
Q

Major excitatory neurotransmitter

A

Glutamate

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2
Q

Serotonin is also known as?

A

5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine)

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3
Q

Serotonin main function

A

Mood control

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4
Q

GABA that is ionotropic

A

GABA A

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5
Q

GABA that is metabotropic

A

GABA B

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6
Q

GABA A is coupled with what ion channel?

A

Cl

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7
Q

GABA A induces what action potential?

A

Repolarization/Hyperpolarization

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8
Q

Dopamine is also known as

A

Prolactin inhibitor

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9
Q

Pathways of Dopamine

A

Mesolimbic
Mesocortical
Tuberoinfundibular
Nigrostriatal

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10
Q

Dopamine in the nigrostriatal pathway controls what?

A

Motor control

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11
Q

Dopamine through mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways control what?

A

Thought processes/behavior

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12
Q

Dopamine through the tuberoinfundibular controls what?

A

Prolactin inhibition

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13
Q

Norepinephrine functions

A

Central blood pressure regulation

Arousal and mood

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14
Q

Acetylcholine CNS functions

A

Motor control

Memory

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15
Q

Histamine activities

A

Wakefulness (CNS)
Vasodilation (blood vessels)
Bronchoconstriction (bronchioles)
Parietal cell activation

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16
Q

HCl in stomach is released by?

A

Parietal cells

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17
Q

What are the 3 activators of parietal cells?

A

HKAtpase (proton pump)
M3 receptor (cholinergic activation)
Histamine 2

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18
Q

Parietal cells release?

A

HCl in stomach

19
Q

Histamine that activates parietal cells

A

Histamine 2

20
Q

Histamine 1 functions

A

Allergy responses

21
Q

Histamine is mediated by what immunoglobulin?

A

IgE

22
Q

Histamine are released by?

A

Mast cells

23
Q

Amino acid precursor of Norepinephrine and Epinephrine

A

Tyrosine

24
Q

Amino acid precursor of Serotonin

A

Tryptophan

25
Q

Monoamine neurotansmitters

A

Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Serotonin

26
Q

Difference between H1 and H2

A

H1 - allergy responses

H2 - HCl production

27
Q

What generation of H1 blockers can cross the BBB?

A

1st generation

28
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

H1 blocker, 1st gen

29
Q

Chlorphenamine

A

H1 blocker, 1st gen

30
Q

Bromphenamine

A

H1 blocker, 1st gen

31
Q

Hydroxyzine

A

H1 blocker, 1st gen

32
Q

Meclizine, cyclizine

A

H1 blocker, 1st gen

33
Q

Brand name of Hydroxyzine

A

Iterax

34
Q

Iterax

A

Hydroxyzine

35
Q

2nd gen H1 blockers

A

Loratadine
Desloratadine
Cetirizine
Fexofenadine

36
Q

Claritin

A

Loratadine

37
Q

Clarinex

A

Desloratadine

38
Q

Allegra

A

Fexofenadine

39
Q

Zyrtec

A

Cetirizine

40
Q

H1 blockers uses

A

Allergy
Insomnia
Anti-emetic and motion sickness

41
Q

Neurotransmitter that has input in vomiting center

A

Histamine

42
Q

Vomiting center in the brain is known as

A

Chemoreceptor trigger zone

43
Q

ADR seen most with H1 blockers, 1st gen

A

Sedation and somnolence

44
Q

Aspartate

A

Excitatory neurotransmitter

Pharmacology (6 decks)

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