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Pharmacology > Cardiovascular drugs > Flashcards

Cardiovascular drugs Flashcards

0
Q

when VR decrease, SV will (increase / decrease)

A

decrease

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1
Q

cardiac contractility is (directly / inversely) proportional to Stokes volume

A

Directly proportional

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2
Q

Venous return is also known as

A

cardiac preload or end diastolic ventricular volume

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3
Q

vasoconstriction will lead to (increase / decrease) venous tone

A

increase venous tone

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4
Q

BP is a Variable or Constant

A

Variable

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5
Q

what are the two mechanisms for BP regulation

A
  • Baroreceptor reflex arc

* RAAS

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6
Q

Baroreceptors are found in the

A

carotid arteries and aortic arch

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7
Q

when there is stimulus in baroreceptors, there will be a (increase / decrease) in HR

A

decrease in HR and Vasodilation

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8
Q

Renin is found in the

A

Kidneys specifically the juxtaglomerular apparatus

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9
Q

angiotensinogen is synthesized by the

A

liver

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10
Q

it is a potent vasoconstrictor

A

Angiotensin II

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11
Q

Aldosterone is secreted by the

A

zona glomerulosa of adrenal cortex

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12
Q

Zone for Sex hormones

A

zona reticularis

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13
Q

zone for mineralocorticoids

A

zona glomerulosa

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14
Q

What are the zones that adrenal cortex contain

A 
GFR
Zona:
-glomerulosa
-fasciculata
-reticularis
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15
Q

responsible for reabsorption / retention of Na and water and excretion of K ions

A

Aldosterone

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16
Q

venous vasoconstriction (increase / decrease) VR

A

decrease

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17
Q

what are the effects of Angiotensin II

A
  • vasoconstriction of veins and arteries
  • increase NE release
  • aldosterone secretion
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18
Q

systolic and diastolic BP of patient with Stage 1 HTN

A

SBP 140-159

DBP 90-99

19
Q

HTN crisis with no end organ damage

A

HTN urgency

20
Q

HTN crisis that requires IV infusion

A

HTN emergency

21
Q

kind of HTN during pregnancy in which the onset is 15wks

A

Chronic HTN - onset is before 20wks AOG

Gestational HTN- 1st time; onset after 20wks AOG

22
Q

drug for pre-eclampsia as prophylaxis for convulsion , in eclampsia as treatment

A

magnesium sulfate ( IV / IM)

23
Q

BP goal for patient with CKD or DM

A

<80 DBP

24
Q

type of HTN with no identifiable cause

A

Primary / essential

sencondary: due to a disease

25
Q

all are acting on proximal convoluted tubule except:

a. osmotic diuretic
b. thiazide diuretic
c. methyl xanthines
d. acidifying salts

A

c. thiazide diuretic : distal convoluted tubule

26
Q

where does K sparing diuretic drugs act

A

collecting duct

27
Q

suffix of CAI drugs

A

-zolamide

28
Q

true or false

ciliary bodies of the eyes -> increase in production of aq. humor

A

false

29
Q

True of false

nat effect of CAI : bicarbonaturia

A

True

30
Q

give 2 uses of CAI

A

mgt of glaucoma
mgt metabolic alkalosis
mgt acute mountain sickness
mgt of catamenial seizure

31
Q

CAI is contraindicated to except

a. catamenial seizures
b. G6PD deficit
c. COPD
d. CLD

A

a. catamenial seizures

32
Q

Admin of Mannitol to lower intracranial pressure

A

IV infusion

33
Q

effect of Mannitol when you administer it orally

A

Laxative effect: diarrhea

34
Q

all are sulfonamide like loop diuretic except

a. mfurosemide
b. torsemide
c. bumetanide

A

b. torsemide - it is sulfonyl like loop diuretic

35
Q

we should give ________ after loop diuretic to ensure hydration to an unhydrated patient

A

NSS infusion

because when there is calcium in the urine of an unhydrated patient, it can form calcium stones

36
Q

the kind of diuretic that inhibits NaCl cotransporter in the DCT

A

Thiazide diuretics

37
Q

all are thiazide-like diuretics except

a. metolazone
b. chlorthalidone
c. indapamide
d. hydrochlorthiazide

A

d. hydrochlorothiazide - benzodiazides diuretic

38
Q

1st line in the management of uncomplicated HTN

A

Thiazide diuretic

39
Q

SE of Thaizide diuretics

a. hyperkalemia
b. hypercalcemia
c. hyperuricemia
d. hypoglycemia

A

b.

40
Q

potassium sparing diuretics except:

a. eplerenone
b. amiloride
c. triamterene
d. Diazoxide

A

d. diazoxide is a arteriolar vasodilator

41
Q

give 2 SE of spirinolactone

A

gynecomastia
galactorrhea
impotence / dec.libido

42
Q

all are centrally acting sympathoplegics

a. guanadrel
b. guanabenz
c. guanfacine
d. clonidine

A

a. guanadrel : peripherally acting.; inh. NE release

43
Q

side effects of guanadrel or guanethidine

A

orthostatic hypotension

44
Q

Minoxidil (stimulates / inhibits) outward K conductance

A

Stimulates

45
Q

drug used for HTN crisis especially in pregnant patients

A

Hydralazine

Pharmacology (6 decks)

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