Cardiovascular drugs

Question 0

when VR decrease, SV will (increase / decrease)

Answer 0

decrease

Question 1

cardiac contractility is (directly / inversely) proportional to Stokes volume

Answer 1

Directly proportional

Question 2

Venous return is also known as

Answer 2

cardiac preload or end diastolic ventricular volume

Question 3

vasoconstriction will lead to (increase / decrease) venous tone

Answer 3

increase venous tone

Question 4

BP is a Variable or Constant

Answer 4

Variable

Question 5

what are the two mechanisms for BP regulation

Answer 5

• Baroreceptor reflex arc

* RAAS

Question 6

Baroreceptors are found in the

Answer 6

carotid arteries and aortic arch

Question 7

when there is stimulus in baroreceptors, there will be a (increase / decrease) in HR

Answer 7

decrease in HR and Vasodilation

Question 8

Renin is found in the

Answer 8

Kidneys specifically the juxtaglomerular apparatus

Question 9

angiotensinogen is synthesized by the

Answer 9

liver

Question 10

it is a potent vasoconstrictor

Answer 10

Angiotensin II

Question 11

Aldosterone is secreted by the

Answer 11

zona glomerulosa of adrenal cortex

Question 12

Zone for Sex hormones

Answer 12

zona reticularis

Question 13

zone for mineralocorticoids

Answer 13

zona glomerulosa

Question 14

What are the zones that adrenal cortex contain

Answer 14

GFR
Zona:
-glomerulosa
-fasciculata
-reticularis

Question 15

responsible for reabsorption / retention of Na and water and excretion of K ions

Answer 15

Aldosterone

Question 16

venous vasoconstriction (increase / decrease) VR

Answer 16

decrease

Question 17

what are the effects of Angiotensin II

Answer 17

• vasoconstriction of veins and arteries
• increase NE release
• aldosterone secretion

Question 18

systolic and diastolic BP of patient with Stage 1 HTN

Answer 18

SBP 140-159

DBP 90-99

Question 19

HTN crisis with no end organ damage

Answer 19

HTN urgency

Question 20

HTN crisis that requires IV infusion

Answer 20

HTN emergency

Question 21

kind of HTN during pregnancy in which the onset is 15wks

Answer 21

Chronic HTN - onset is before 20wks AOG

Gestational HTN- 1st time; onset after 20wks AOG

Question 22

drug for pre-eclampsia as prophylaxis for convulsion , in eclampsia as treatment

Answer 22

magnesium sulfate ( IV / IM)

Question 23

BP goal for patient with CKD or DM

Answer 23

<80 DBP

Question 24

type of HTN with no identifiable cause

Answer 24

Primary / essential | sencondary: due to a disease

Question 25

all are acting on proximal convoluted tubule except: a. osmotic diuretic b. thiazide diuretic c. methyl xanthines d. acidifying salts

Answer 25

c. thiazide diuretic : distal convoluted tubule

Question 26

where does K sparing diuretic drugs act

Answer 26

collecting duct

Question 27

suffix of CAI drugs

Answer 27

-zolamide

Question 28

true or false | ciliary bodies of the eyes -> increase in production of aq. humor

Answer 28

false

Question 29

True of false | nat effect of CAI : bicarbonaturia

Answer 29

True

Question 30

give 2 uses of CAI

Answer 30

mgt of glaucoma mgt metabolic alkalosis mgt acute mountain sickness mgt of catamenial seizure

Question 31

CAI is contraindicated to except a. catamenial seizures b. G6PD deficit c. COPD d. CLD

Answer 31

a. catamenial seizures

Question 32

Admin of Mannitol to lower intracranial pressure

Answer 32

IV infusion

Question 33

effect of Mannitol when you administer it orally

Answer 33

Laxative effect: diarrhea

Question 34

all are sulfonamide like loop diuretic except a. mfurosemide b. torsemide c. bumetanide

Answer 34

b. torsemide - it is sulfonyl like loop diuretic

Question 35

we should give ________ after loop diuretic to ensure hydration to an unhydrated patient

Answer 35

NSS infusion | because when there is calcium in the urine of an unhydrated patient, it can form calcium stones

Question 36

the kind of diuretic that inhibits NaCl cotransporter in the DCT

Answer 36

Thiazide diuretics

Question 37

all are thiazide-like diuretics except a. metolazone b. chlorthalidone c. indapamide d. hydrochlorthiazide

Answer 37

d. hydrochlorothiazide - benzodiazides diuretic

Question 38

1st line in the management of uncomplicated HTN

Answer 38

Thiazide diuretic

Question 39

SE of Thaizide diuretics a. hyperkalemia b. hypercalcemia c. hyperuricemia d. hypoglycemia

Answer 39

b.

Question 40

potassium sparing diuretics except: a. eplerenone b. amiloride c. triamterene d. Diazoxide

Answer 40

d. diazoxide is a arteriolar vasodilator

Question 41

give 2 SE of spirinolactone

Answer 41

gynecomastia galactorrhea impotence / dec.libido

Question 42

all are centrally acting sympathoplegics a. guanadrel b. guanabenz c. guanfacine d. clonidine

Answer 42

a. guanadrel : peripherally acting.; inh. NE release

Question 43

side effects of guanadrel or guanethidine

Answer 43

orthostatic hypotension

Question 44

Minoxidil (stimulates / inhibits) outward K conductance

Answer 44

Stimulates

Question 45

drug used for HTN crisis especially in pregnant patients

Answer 45

Hydralazine