CNS depressants: Barbiturates, benzodiazepines, opioids

Question 1

Barbiturates and benzodiazepines - signs of intoxication

Answer 1

Ataxia, incoordination, loquacity, slurred speech.
Euphoria, impaired attention, irritability, mood changes, sedation.
Hypotension.
Nystagmus

Question 2

Barbiturates - treatment of intoxication

Answer 2

Support vital functions

Question 3

Benzodiazepines - treatment of intoxication

Answer 3

Flumazenil, support vital functions

Question 4

Barbiturates - signs of withdrawal

Answer 4

Anxiety, insomnia, irritability, seizures.
Muscle twitches.
Hypertension and tachycardia

Question 5

Benzodiazepines - signs of withdrawal

Answer 5

Agitation, anxiety, dizziness, insomnia.
Muscle cramps, myoclonic contractions.
Hypertension, tachycardia.

Question 6

Opioids - signs of intoxication

Answer 6

Motor slowness, slurred speech.
Apathy, euphoria, dysphoria, impaired attention, sedation.
Miosis

Question 7

Opioids - treatment of intoxication

Answer 7

Naloxone, support vital functions

Question 8

Opioids - Signs of withdrawal

Answer 8

Anxiety, dysphoria, irritability, restlessness, sleep disturbances.
Muscle aches.
Hypertension, tachycardia.
Diarrhea, fever, mydriasis, piloerection (cold turkey), sweating, vomiting, yawning.

Question 9

Which barbiturates are most widely abused?

Answer 9

Short-acting, e.g. pentobarbital.

Question 10

Date rape drug

Answer 10

Flunitrazepam (roofies).

GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate).

Question 11

GHB - MOA

Answer 11

Agonist at GABAb receptors

Question 12

Most widely abused opioid

Answer 12

Heroin

Question 13

Treatment of opioid dependence

Answer 13

Methadone