CNS Class 12 - Stroke Flashcards
Classic symptoms of a ______ include ______ onset of:
- Numbness/weakness of face, arm or leg (especially on one side)
- Confusion, trouble speaking or understanding speech
- Trouble seeing in one/both eyes
- Trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance/coordination
- Severe headache (idiopathic), stiff neck, facial pain, vomiting/altered consciousness
Stroke
Sudden
What does the acronym act FAST stand for?
Face (drooping while smiling)
Arms (can you raise both?)
Speech (slurred/jumbled)
Time (to call 911)
T/F - Stroke symptoms in females can present differently than the classic symptoms, similar to myocardial infarction in females.
True
Symptoms of a stroke in _______ include:
- Fainting
- Seizures
- Sudden hiccups
- Sudden nausea
- Chest, jaw or neck pain
- Fatigue
- Shortness of breath
- Racing heartbeat
- Anxiety (feeling that something just isn’t right)
- General weakness (not just one side)
- Fever
Females
Knowing the signs and symptoms specific to the involved ________ artery is important for both recognizing an impending ______ and understanding associated impairments and treatment modifications.
Cerebral
Stroke
Which cerebral artery is affected based on the following S/S?
- Spastic paralysis of contralateral foot/leg
- Spastic paresis of contralateral arm
- Contralateral sensory loss over toes, foot and leg
- Problems making decisions/performing acts voluntarily
- Lack of spontaneity
- Easily distracted
- Slowness of thought
- Aphasia (depends on hemisphere involved)
- Urinary incontinence
- Cognitive and affective mood disorders
Anterior Cerebral
Which cerebral artery is affected based on the following S/S?
- Contralateral spastic hemiplegia (face and arm)
- Contralateral sensory impairment
- Aphasia
- Homonymous hemianopia
- Altered consciousness (confusion to coma)
- Inability to turn eyes toward paralyzed side
- Hemi-inattention
- Possible acalculia, agraphia, alexia, finger agnosia and left-right confusion
- Vasomotor paresis and instability
Middle Cerebral
Which cerebral artery is affected based on the following S/S?
- Homonymous hemaniopia
- Colour blindness
- Loss of central vision
- Visual hallucinations
- Memory deficits
- Preservation (repeated performance of same verbal/motor responses)
Posterior Cerebral
The ________ is involved when there is a stroke in the posterior cerebral artery based on the following S/S:
- Loss of all sensory modalities
- Spontaneous pain
- Intentional tremor
- Mild hemiparesis
- Aphasia
Thalamus
The ________ ________ is involved when there is a stroke in the posterior cerebral artery based on the following S/S:
- Oculomotor nerve palsy
- Contralateral hemiplegia
Cerebral Peduncle
Which cerebral arteries is affected based on the following S/S?
- Visual disturbance (diplopia)
- Dystaxia
- Vertigo
- Dysphagia
- Dysphonia
Basilar & Vertebral Arteries
Some ______________ risk factors of having a stroke include:
- Age
- Sex
- Race
- Previous TIA, stroke or MI
- Sickle cell disease/anemia
Non-Modifiable
The likelihood of stroke increases with age, particularly above ___, for both males and females.
55
T/F - Incidence of stroke is higher in males at an older age, but not at younger ages.
False - Incidence of stroke is higher in males at A YOUNGER age, but not at OLDER ages.
T/F - Males have more strokes than females and stroke kills more males than females.
False - FEMALES have more strokes than MALES and stroke kills more FEMALES than MALES.
