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Anatomy 6512 > CNS Arterial Supply > Flashcards

CNS Arterial Supply Flashcards

1
Q

Basilar artery bifurcates into _____ at midbrain.

A

2 PCAs

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2
Q

Before it bifurcates the Basilar artery gives off ____ & ____

A

AICA & SCA

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3
Q

What does AICA supply?

A

Anterior portions of inferior cerebellum, like flocculus & caudal pons

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4
Q

What does SCA supply?

A

Supplies superior cerebellum, caudal midbrain, rostral pons

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5
Q

What does does the Vertebral-Basiliar system supply?

A

Brainstem & cerebellum

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6
Q

Vertebral arteries run along lateral medulla & fuse to basilar artery at _____

A

pons

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7
Q

Prior to fusing with the basilar artery each gives rise to …

A

Posterior spinal artery, anterior spinal artery, PICA

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8
Q

What does the posterior spinal artery supply?

A

posterior 1/3 of spinal cord

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9
Q

What do the anterior spinal arteries supply?

A

They join in the midline resulting in a single artery that supplies anterior 2/3 of spinal cord

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10
Q

The circle of willis connects ___ & ___, via _____

A

IC & Vertebral-Basiliar system, via Pcomm

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11
Q

What connects the right and left sides of the circle of willis?

A

Acomm

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12
Q

What is the path of Pcomm?

A

It passes posteriorly, inferior to the optic tract towards the cerebral peduncle and joins PCA, which is part of the vertebral system

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13
Q

What is the path of the internal carotid arteries?

A

Ascends neck, traverses petrous temporal bone, goes thru cavernous sinus, ophthalmic artery branches off as IC enters subarachnoid space, then IC travels along the optic chasm

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14
Q

IC bifurcates into ___ & ____

A

Middle & Anterior Cerebral Arteries

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15
Q

Prior to the bifurcation of the IC it gives off ____ & _____

A

anterior chorodial artery & Pcomm

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16
Q

___ ___ artery is long & thin, and clinically significant in strokes

A

anterior choroidal artery

17
Q

What does the anterior choroidal artery supply?

A

optic tract, choroid plexis in temporal horn of lateral ventricle, internal capsule, thalamus, hippocampus, sometimes cerebral peduncle

18
Q

_______ run laterally into lateral sulcus & divides into many branches

A

Middle cerebral artery

19
Q

What is the path of the anterior cerebral artery?

A

It runs medially and enters the longitudinal fissure, then it arches posteriorly & follows corpus callosum

20
Q

What does the anterior cerebral artery supply?

A

medial parts of frontal and parietal lobes

21
Q

What connects the 2 anterior cerebral arteries?

A

the anterior communicating branch

22
Q

What are lenticulostriate arteries?

A

Perforating arteries from MCA

23
Q

Perforating arteries are numerous around what structures?

A

optic chiasm, between cerebral peduncles, anterior & posterior perforated substance

24
Q

What do perforating arteries supply?

A

basal ganglia, thalamus, & internal capsule

25
Q

Perforating arteries arise from ____ at the _____

A

all arteries, at the base of the brain

26
Q

True or false: Perforating arteries can be involved in strokes & cause neurologic deficits out of proportion to their size.

A

True

27
Q

Which two pairs of vessels supply much of the brain & spinal cord?

A

internal carotid arteries, vertebral arteries

28
Q

Define blood-brain barrier

A

Anatomic & physiologic barrier that controls movement of materials from extracellular fluid of body to extracellular fluid of brain

29
Q

The blood-brain barrier includes . . .

A

arachnoid, endothelial tight junctions & lack of pinocytic vesicles

30
Q

____ soluble substances go thru the blood-brain barrier

A

Lipid

31
Q

Glucose crosses the blood-brain barrier by _____

A

facilitated diffusion

32
Q

Other substances cross the blood-brain barrier by ____

A

active transport

33
Q

Define circumventricular organs

A

Areas where cerebral capillaries are fenestrated allowing open communication between blood & brain extracellular fluid

34
Q

Where are circumventricular organs located?

A

around 3rd & 4th ventricles

35
Q

What are the functions of circumventricular organs?

A

some have sensory functions that monitor CSF composition others release hormones from neuronal endings into the blood

36
Q

What are tancytes?

A

specialized ependymal cells that overlie the ventricular surface of circumventricular organs

37
Q

What does the Posterior Cerebral Artery supply?

A

medial & inferior surfaces of temporal & occipital lobes, rostral midbrain & posterior diencephalon

Anatomy 6512 (26 decks)

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