Clinical Questions

Question 1

Which nerve is likely to be affected if a pt. experiences numbness in the pinna/
auricle of the ear?

Answer 1

Greater auricular nerve

Question 2

What areas are supplied by the greater auricular nerve?

Answer 2

• auricle of the ear

- Skin over parotid gland and mastoid process

Question 3

Following surgery on the side of neck area, a patient experiences drooping eyelid
and no sweating on that side. What is likely to have been damaged?

Part B:
What other sign may be indicative of this damage?

Answer 3

-Sympathetic trunk

Part B:
Horners syndrome - miosis (constricted pupil), ptosis (drooping of upper eyelid) and absence of
sweating

Question 4

Where does the submandibular duct enter the mouth?

Answer 4

-Sublingual papilla

Question 5

If there was surgery to the sublingual area of the mouth, what nerve is at risk?

Answer 5

-Lingual nerve

Question 6

Upon laceration of the lip, there may be profuse bleeding. Why?

Answer 6

Rupture of the facial artery (inferior labial branch), where the left and right branched anastomose

Question 7

What muscle of mastication is responsible for most protraction movements?

Answer 7

-Lateral pterygoid

Question 8

The tendon of which muscle inserts into the coronoid process of the mandible?

Answer 8

-Temporalis

Question 9

• If a patient was to have a stroke/cerebrovascular accident affecting the right hand side, name
the two main muscle groups affected.

Answer 9

-Left hand side of the lower face and left hand side of the tongue

Question 10

When testing motor innervation of the tongue, which nerve innervates the motor supply of
the tongue?

Answer 10

Hypoglossal

Question 11

Which muscle is responsible for protrusion of the tongue?

Answer 11

Genioglossus

Question 12

What is the name for a long-standing ear ache?

Answer 12

Chronic otitis media

Question 13

What nerve is at risk of damage during an operation to the middle ear?

Answer 13

Facial nerve

Question 14

What nerve causes the shoulders to roll?

Answer 14

Accessory nerve

Question 15

Which muscle is responsible for the shoulders rolling?

Answer 15

Trapezius

Question 16

What is the carotid sinus?

Answer 16

A slight swelling at the start of the internal carotid artery which has baroreceptors and chemoreceptors

Question 17

What nerve innervates the carotid sinus?

Answer 17

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 18

In which area of the pharynx is it likely that a patient may get a fish bone stuck?

Answer 18

Pyriform fossa or vallecula

Question 19

A patient is admitted to A+E with bruising on the side of the head, which type of
haemorrhage may have occurred?
Which blood vessel has been damaged?

Answer 19

• extradural haemorrhage

- middle meningeal artery

Question 20

When making a full set of complete dentures, where should they be extended in relation to
the mylohyoid line ?

Answer 20

Should finish above this line

Question 21

Where do the lymph nodes from the maxillary sinus drain?

Answer 21

Submandibular lymph nodes

Question 22

Extraction of a maxillary molar may cause which problem?

Answer 22

Oroantral communication

Question 23

What stroke is caused by the bursting of cerebral veins?

Answer 23

Subdural haemorrhage

Question 24

What artery supplies the motor cortex of head and neck?

Answer 24

Middle cerebral artery

Question 25

What groups of facial muscles don’t work when the right internal capsule is affected?

Answer 25

Left muscles of facial expression

Question 26

What is the function of the carotid sinus?

Answer 26

Contains baroreceptors that detect blood pressure

Question 27

How do we test that the accessory nerve still works and give the anatomical basis of this test?

Answer 27

Have the patient turn their head to the right while you add resistance to the left or ask patient to shrug their shoulders whilst you apply pressure

The accessory nerve innervated the trapezius and the SCM which are needed to resist these tests

Question 28

What are the 2 folds found on either side of the palatine tonsils in the oropharynx?

Answer 28

Palatoglossal fold and palatopharyngeal fold

Question 29

What kind of epithelium lines the vocal fold?

Answer 29

Stratified squamous

Question 30

What cranial nerve supplies sensory innervation of the pharynx?

Answer 30

Glossopharyngeal

Question 31

Patient has operation on Submandibular duct to remove stones, anterior ¼ of tongue numb, what has caused this and what does that nerve supply?

Answer 31

Laceration or damage to the lingual nerve which supplies sensory innervation to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue

Question 32

What muscle protrudes the tongue?

Answer 32

Genioglossus

Question 33

What muscle retracts the mandible?

Answer 33

Temporalis

Question 34

What muscle opens the mouth?

Answer 34

Lateral pterygoid

Question 35

What nerve supplies the upper 3rd molar?

Answer 35

Posterior superior alveolar nerve

Question 36

Where is the opening of the maxillary ostium in the nasal cavity?

Answer 36

Semilunar hiatus

Question 37

What bones make up the zygomatic arch?

Answer 37

Zygomatic bone and temporal bone

Question 38

The tendon of which muscle of mastication lies under the zygomatic arch?

Answer 38

Temporalis

Question 39

laceration to lower lip, excessive bleeding, what artery is this bleeding coming from?

Answer 39

Inferior labial artery

Question 40

Lower lip and chin are numb, what is the anatomical basis of this?

Answer 40

Damage to the mental nerve

Question 41

What muscle stops the malleus moving too much?

Answer 41

Tensor tympani muscle

Question 42

What nerve can be affected by a chronic ear infection?

Answer 42

Vestibulocochlear

Question 43

2 clinical signs that happen when there’s damage to the cervical trunk.

Answer 43

Constricted pupil and drooping eyelid on one side

Question 44

What goes through the incisive foramen?

Answer 44

Nasopalatine nerve

Question 45

What nerve goes through the foramen ovale?

Answer 45

Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve