Clinical Questions Flashcards
Which nerve is likely to be affected if a pt. experiences numbness in the pinna/
auricle of the ear?
Greater auricular nerve
What areas are supplied by the greater auricular nerve?
- auricle of the ear
- Skin over parotid gland and mastoid process
Following surgery on the side of neck area, a patient experiences drooping eyelid
and no sweating on that side. What is likely to have been damaged?
Part B:
What other sign may be indicative of this damage?
-Sympathetic trunk
Part B:
Horners syndrome - miosis (constricted pupil), ptosis (drooping of upper eyelid) and absence of
sweating
Where does the submandibular duct enter the mouth?
-Sublingual papilla
If there was surgery to the sublingual area of the mouth, what nerve is at risk?
-Lingual nerve
Upon laceration of the lip, there may be profuse bleeding. Why?
Rupture of the facial artery (inferior labial branch), where the left and right branched anastomose
What muscle of mastication is responsible for most protraction movements?
-Lateral pterygoid
The tendon of which muscle inserts into the coronoid process of the mandible?
-Temporalis
• If a patient was to have a stroke/cerebrovascular accident affecting the right hand side, name
the two main muscle groups affected.
-Left hand side of the lower face and left hand side of the tongue
When testing motor innervation of the tongue, which nerve innervates the motor supply of
the tongue?
Hypoglossal
Which muscle is responsible for protrusion of the tongue?
Genioglossus
What is the name for a long-standing ear ache?
Chronic otitis media
What nerve is at risk of damage during an operation to the middle ear?
Facial nerve
What nerve causes the shoulders to roll?
Accessory nerve
Which muscle is responsible for the shoulders rolling?
Trapezius
What is the carotid sinus?
A slight swelling at the start of the internal carotid artery which has baroreceptors and chemoreceptors
What nerve innervates the carotid sinus?
Glossopharyngeal nerve
In which area of the pharynx is it likely that a patient may get a fish bone stuck?
Pyriform fossa or vallecula
A patient is admitted to A+E with bruising on the side of the head, which type of
haemorrhage may have occurred?
Which blood vessel has been damaged?
- extradural haemorrhage
- middle meningeal artery
When making a full set of complete dentures, where should they be extended in relation to
the mylohyoid line ?
Should finish above this line
Where do the lymph nodes from the maxillary sinus drain?
Submandibular lymph nodes
Extraction of a maxillary molar may cause which problem?
Oroantral communication
What stroke is caused by the bursting of cerebral veins?
Subdural haemorrhage
What artery supplies the motor cortex of head and neck?
Middle cerebral artery
What groups of facial muscles don’t work when the right internal capsule is affected?
Left muscles of facial expression
What is the function of the carotid sinus?
Contains baroreceptors that detect blood pressure
How do we test that the accessory nerve still works and give the anatomical basis of this test?
Have the patient turn their head to the right while you add resistance to the left or ask patient to shrug their shoulders whilst you apply pressure
The accessory nerve innervated the trapezius and the SCM which are needed to resist these tests
What are the 2 folds found on either side of the palatine tonsils in the oropharynx?
Palatoglossal fold and palatopharyngeal fold
What kind of epithelium lines the vocal fold?
Stratified squamous
What cranial nerve supplies sensory innervation of the pharynx?
Glossopharyngeal
Patient has operation on Submandibular duct to remove stones, anterior ¼ of tongue numb, what has caused this and what does that nerve supply?
Laceration or damage to the lingual nerve which supplies sensory innervation to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue
What muscle protrudes the tongue?
Genioglossus
What muscle retracts the mandible?
Temporalis
What muscle opens the mouth?
Lateral pterygoid
What nerve supplies the upper 3rd molar?
Posterior superior alveolar nerve
Where is the opening of the maxillary ostium in the nasal cavity?
Semilunar hiatus
What bones make up the zygomatic arch?
Zygomatic bone and temporal bone
The tendon of which muscle of mastication lies under the zygomatic arch?
Temporalis
laceration to lower lip, excessive bleeding, what artery is this bleeding coming from?
Inferior labial artery
Lower lip and chin are numb, what is the anatomical basis of this?
Damage to the mental nerve
What muscle stops the malleus moving too much?
Tensor tympani muscle
What nerve can be affected by a chronic ear infection?
Vestibulocochlear
2 clinical signs that happen when there’s damage to the cervical trunk.
Constricted pupil and drooping eyelid on one side
What goes through the incisive foramen?
Nasopalatine nerve
What nerve goes through the foramen ovale?
Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve
